Table 2.

DNA damage parameters of HeLa human cervical cancer cells after treatment with DMC and available anticervical cancer drugs, assessed using the comet assay.

Incubation Time (h)	Sample	DNA Damage Parameters a
		Tail DNA%	Comparison (Fold Change)		Tail Moment	Comparison (Fold Change)
			Untreated	1% DMSO		Untreated	1% DMSO
6	Untreated	4.61 ± 1.62	-	2	0.52 ± 0.63	-	4
	1% DMSO	2.38 ± 1.63	1	-	0.14 ± 0.16	0	-
	DMC	65.07 ± 9.57	14	27	53.29 ± 5.21	102	381
	Doxorubicin	56.61 ± 3.09	12	24	45.49 ± 4.65	87	325
	5-Fluorouracil	51.33 ± 12.29	11	22	39.33 ± 11.53	76	281
	Cisplatin	45.00 ± 11.71	10	19	42.50 ± 10.38	82	304
12	Untreated	3.33 ± 2.66	-	1	0.32 ± 0.43	-	1
	1% DMSO	4.43 ± 0.63	1	-	0.24 ± 0.10	1	-
	DMC	49.98 ± 8.78	15	11	34.37 ± 5.31	107	143
	Doxorubicin	52.37 ± 3.03	16	12	38.84 ± 3.25	121	162
	5-Fluorouracil	44.07 ± 8.13	13	10	28.20 ± 9.70	88	118
	Cisplatin	40.40 ± 7.74	12	9	31.45 ± 1.67	98	131
24	Untreated	4.44 ± 0.86	-	1	0.25 ± 0.12	-	1
	1% DMSO	4.16 ± 1.42	1	-	0.22 ± 0.20	1	-
	DMC	76.55 ± 6.00	17	18	78.13 ± 11.41	313	355
	Doxorubicin	78.39 ± 1.64	18	19	60.12 ± 9.20	240	273
	5-Fluorouracil	36.08 ± 11.23	8	9	22.69 ± 10.96	91	103
	Cisplatin	41.40 ± 1.49	9	10	30.96 ± 7.40	124	141
48 h	Untreated	3.67 ±0.67	-	1	0.14 ± 0.03	-	2
	1% DMSO	3.06 ± 0.48	1	-	0.09 ± 0.04	1	-
	DMC	92.17 ± 1.76	25	30	116.65 ± 9.93	833	1296
	Doxorubicin	86.13 ± 5.81	23	28	72.92 ± 1.91	521	810
	5-Fluorouracil	37.32 ± 9.20	10	12	20.09 ± 5.30	144	223
	Cisplatin	29.71 ± 7.51	8	10	16.56 ± 2.57	118	184

^a Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of triplicate experiments.