Figure 2.

Vaccine shedding in stool after single oral vaccination with ShigETEC. Stool samples were obtained as available from subjects who received a single oral immunization with (A) 1 × 10⁹ CFU, (B) 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU, (C) 5 × 10¹⁰ of (D) 2 × 10¹¹ CFU ShigETEC and assessed for the presence of vaccine strain by PCR and culturing. PCR was considered invalid, when two independent 16S rDNA PCR assays yielded negative results and repeated DNA extraction was not possible due to small sample amount. Each line corresponds to one subject.