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. 2022 Feb 17;27(4):1372. doi: 10.3390/molecules27041372

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Different mechanisms of remote drug loading. (a) Doxil: DOX-loaded by transmembrane gradient of (NH₄)₂SO₄ concentration [35]; (b) Myocet, Marqibo, and DaunoXome: drug loaded by transmembrane gradient of pH; (c) Mepact: MDP chemically conjugated to PE through a peptide spacer, then formed liposomes with other phospholipids. (d) Onivyde: irinote can loaded by transmembrane gradient of the concentration of sucrosofate triethylammonium salt (TEA-SOS). One molecule of SOS can bind 8 molecules of irinotecan.