Table 5.
Pre-specified maternal metabolic profiles at 36–38 weeks gestation for intervention and control groups based on fasting blood samples.
| Group Mean (SD) Median (Q1, Q3) 1 |
Intervention Effect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete Case Analysis | ITT Analysis | |||||
| Metabolite | Intervention n = 119 |
Control n = 122 |
Mean Difference (95% CI) |
p | Mean Difference (95% CI) |
p |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 4.6 (0.5) |
4.6 (0.5) |
−0.04 (−0.17, 0.08) |
0.481 | −0.02 (−0.16, 0.12) |
0.787 |
| Missing | 31 | 26 | 61 | |||
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.88 (0.44) |
1.87 (0.46) |
−0.03 (−0.12, 0.07) |
0.601 | −0.02 (−0.12, 0.09) |
0.759 |
| Missing | 30 | 28 | 62 | |||
| LDL, mmol/L | 4.00 (1.11) |
4.17 (1.09) |
−0.31 (−0.57, −0.06) |
0.015 | −0.24 (−0.50, 0.02) |
0.073 |
| Missing | 31 | 30 | 66 | |||
| Triglycerides, mmol/L |
2.53 (0.80) |
2.66 (0.79) |
−0.18 (−0.36, 0.01) |
0.062 | −0.16 (−0.38, 0.07) |
0.172 |
| Missing | 30 | 28 | 62 | |||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 7.03 (1.38) |
7.26 (1.33) |
−0.41 (−0.72, −0.09) |
0.012 | −0.29 (−0.62, 0.05) |
0.096 |
| Missing | 30 | 28 | 62 | |||
| Insulin, pmol/L | 52.08 (34.06, 82.36) |
47.95 (32.16, 74.31) |
<0.01 (−0.15, 0.15) 2 |
0.999 | −0.04 (−0.21, 0.13) 2 |
0.633 |
| Missing | 27 | 25 | 56 | |||
| Leptin, ng/mL | 29.83 (15.97, 49.35) |
30.32 (15.47, 54.63) |
−1.37 (−6.67, 3.92) |
0.609 | −0.94 (−8.56, 6.68) 2 |
0.805 |
| Missing | 26 | 25 | 54 | |||
| Adiponectin, ug/mL | 6.97 (2.62) |
7.32 (3.21) |
0.02 (−0.55, 0.58) |
0.956 | −0.05 (−0.97, 0.87) |
0.915 |
| Missing | 26 | 25 | 54 | |||
| CRP, mg/L | 4.29 (2.39, 7.37) |
4.53 (1.92, 7.36) |
0.21 (<0.01, 0.42) 2 |
0.046 | −0.11 (−0.33, 0.55) 2 |
0.600 |
| Missing | 26 | 25 | 55 | |||
1 Descriptive statistics for continuous outcome I are presented using medians and quartiles (Q1 and Q3). 2 Regression analysis based on natural log (ln) transformation of outcome. All analyses adjusted for site (Hamilton, London) and pre-pregnancy BMI categories: underweight to normal weight (BMI ≤ 24.9), overweight (BMI = 25.0–29.9), obese (BMI = 30.9). Underweight and normal weight were grouped together due to a low number of observations in the underweight category (n = 4).