Table 2.

Summary of several studies used in this review to present the effects of Hg on rodents (g-grams).

Exposure Duration	Age of Exposure	Species	Chemical	Concentration	Major Endpoints	Reference
24 h	56 days old	BALB/c mice	MeHg	0–10,000 µg·kg−1	Accumulation in brain	[49]
5 days (pre-gestational), 19 days (pregnancy)	Adult	Female Wistar rats	MeHg	1000 µg·kg−1/day	Neuron loss in the brain, hippocampus and amygdala	[50]
11 days (2 h/day)	61–67 days old	Female Sprague-Dawley rats	Hg vapour Hg0	1; 2; 4 mg·m−3	ROS increase in brain and kidney	[51]
21 days	220–250 g	Male albino-Wistar rats	HgCl2	400; 800; 1600 µg·kg−1/day	Spatial memory impairments; hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction	[52]
28 days	Adult	Male Wistar albino rats	HgCl2	1000 µg·kg−1/day	Histopathological changes in the lung tissue; OS	[53]
28 days	49 days old	Male Wistar rats	MeHg	0; 20; 200; 2000 µg·kg−1/day	Accumulation of the Amyloid Beta (Aβ) in the hippocampus	[54]
28 days	250–300 g	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	HgCl2	1148 µg·kg−1/day	Fibrosis; asthma; OS	[55]
28 days	42 days old	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	HgCl2	1000 µg·kg−1	Necrosis; fibrosis in spleen tissue	[56]
30 days	Adult 84 days old	Female Wistar rats	HgCl2	First dose 4.6 µg·kg−1, subsequent doses 0.07 µg·kg−1/day	Presence of ovarian cystic follicles; ovarian OS; glucose/insulin intolerance	[57]
30 days	56 days old	Male Wistar rats	HgCl2	First dose 4.6 µg·kg−1, subsequent doses 0.07 µg·kg−1/day	Anxiety; memory impairment	[58]
30 days	56 days old	Male Wistar strain albino rats	HgCl2	1250 µg·kg−1	Apoptosis by caspase−3	[59]
45 days (9 h/day)	Adult 56–70 days old 150–200 g	Female Wistar albino rats	Hg vapour	1 mg·m−3	Loss of Purkinje cells; deleterious effects on the cerebellum structure	[60]
45 days	90 days old	Male Wistar rats	HgCl2	375 µg·kg−1/day	Cognitive disorders; OS; cytotoxicity; apoptosis induction	[46]
45 days	150 days old	Male Wistar rats	HgCl2	375 µg·kg−1/day	Short and long-term memory impairments; motor deficits; accumulation in hippocampus and cortex	[48]
45 days	90 days old	Male Wistar rats	HgCl2	375 µg·kg−1/day	Motor disorders; cellular death; apoptosis; OS	[47]
7, 14, 28, 42, 56 days	42 days old	Male C57BL/6NJcl mice	MeHg-gluta-thione 1:1	30,000 µg·kg−1	Reduction of antioxidant enzyme expression	[61]
56 days	42 days old	Male C57BL/6NJcl mice	MeHg	30,000 µg·kg−1	Neuronal degeneration	[62]
60 days	90 days old	Wistar rats	MeHg	40 µg·kg−1/day	Alveolar bone loss (in height)	[63]