Table 3.
Distribution of virulence genes at different healthcare institutions.
| Virulence Factor | Genes | Number of Isolates in Healthcare Institutions (n = 256), n (%) | Number of Isolates in 2014 (n = 91), n (%) | Number of Isolates in 2018 (n = 165), n (%) | % of Increase (+%)/or Decrease (−%) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toxins | hlyA | 104 (40.6%) | 21 (23.1%) | 83 (50.3%) | +27.2% | 0.004 |
| cnf1 | 86 (33.6%) | 16 (17.6%) | 70 (42.2%) | +24.6% | 0.003 | |
| cvaC | 46 (18%) | 23 (25.3%) | 23 (13.9%) | −11.4% | 0.018 | |
| ibeA | 17 (6.6%) | 10 (11%) | 7 (4.2%) | −6.8% | 0.027 | |
| sat | 138 (53.9%) | 40 (44%) | 98 (59.4%) | +15.4 | >0.050 | |
| Adhesins | staD/E | 122 (47.7%) | 31 (34.1%) | 91 (55.2%) | +21.1 | 0.05 |
| fimH | 252 (98.4%) | 89 (97.8%) | 163 (98.8%) | +1% | >0.05 | |
| papC | 47 (18.4%) | 28 (30.8%) | 19 (11.5%) | −19.3% | 0.0002 | |
| afaB/C | 34 (13.3%) | 19 (20.9%) | 15 (9.1%) | −11.8% | 0.006 | |
| Siderophores | fyuA | 235 (91.8%) | 81 (89%) | 154 (93.3%) | +4.3% | >0.05 |
| iroN | 161 (62.9%) | 54 (59.3%) | 107 (64.8%) | +5.5% | >0.05 | |
| Serum resistance | traT | 208 (81.3%) | 69 (75.8%) | 139 (84.2%) | +8.4% | >0.05 |
| kpsMTII | 126 (49.2%) | 47 (51.6%) | 79 (47.9%) | −3.7% | >0.05 |