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. 2022 Feb 14;14(2):385. doi: 10.3390/v14020385

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The RNA genomes of all seven human coronaviruses. The genome size is indicated behind the virus names (in kb), and relates to the corresponding reference strains (GenBank). All genomes have a 5′UTR and 3′UTR (black box), ORF1a/b (yellow box) encoding polyprotein 1a and 1ab, spike (S) gene (green box), envelop (E) gene (purple box), membrane (M) gene (blue box), and nucleocapsid (N) gene (orange box). Hemagglutinin esterase (HE) is an additional structural gene of HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43 (pink box). HCoV-OC43 encodes additional non-structural genes (dark grey boxes): 2, 12.9, and I. Accessory genes vary from virus to virus, and are shown in the light grey boxes.