Table 2.
Characteristics and evolution of the sarcopenic status at 6 months (recovery or not) in the subgroup of patients with sarcopenia three month after COVID-19 onset.
| Patients with Persistent Sarcopenia at M6 (n = 6) |
Patients Recovering from Sarcopenia at M6 (n = 16) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (range) | 70.0 (64–80) | 63.5 (37–82) | 0.14 |
| Female, n (%) | 3 (50) | 2 (13) | 0.10 |
| Weigh, kg | 72.5 (70–82) | 81 (63–104) | 0.05 |
| Height, cm | 165 (154–180) | 172 (160–185) | 0.09 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.3 (23.5–30) | 26.7 (21.8–32.0) | 0.83 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 1 (17) | 4 (25) | 1.0 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | 5 (83) | 13 (81) | 1.0 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 5 (83) | 11 (69) | 0.63 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 1 (17) | 8 (50) | 0.33 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 1 (17) | 5 (31) | 0.63 |
| Asthma, n (%) | 1 (17) | 0 | 0.27 |
| COPD, n (%) | 0 | 2 (13) | 1.0 |
| Asthma or COPD, n (%) | 1 (17) | 2 (13) | 1.0 |
| Chronic cardiac failure, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 1.0 |
| Chronic renal failure, n (%) | 1 (17) | 0 | 0.27 |
| HOSPITALIZATION DATA | |||
| COVID-19 severity, moderate/severe/critical, n (%) | 0/0/6 | 0/0/16 | 1.0 |
| Total hospital length of stay, day (range) | 48.5 (10–86) | 39 (6–156) | 0.48 |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 5 (83) | 13 (81) | 1.0 |
| ICU length of stay, day (range) | 38.5 (0–65) | 22.5 (0–115) | 0.55 |
| Tracheotomy, n (%) | 1 (17) | 6 (38) | 0.62 |
| Rehabilitation after discharge, n (%) | 5 (83) | 15 (94) | 0.48 |
| Duration of rehabilitation, day (range) | 43.5 (0–60) | 26 (0–62) | 0.67 |
| MUSCLE EXPLORATIONS | |||
| M3 Severe Sarcopenia, n (%)M6 Severe Sarcopenia, n (%) | 3 (60)3 (60) | 4 (25)0 | 0.281.0 |
| Right strength variation between M3 and M6, kg | +5 (−0.8; +18) | +11 (4.5; +24) | 0.30 |
| Left strength variation between M3 and M6, kg | +10 (+3, +15) | +16.5 (+9; +19) | 0.11 |
| ALM variation between M3 and M6, kg/m2 | +0.11 (−0.15; +0.89) | +0.63 (−0.42; +1.69) | 0.16 |
| PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS | |||
| FEV, ml (range) | 2055 (1120–2250) | 2820 (1220–3940) | 0.03 |
| FEV, % | 72.8 (36–123) | 97.5 (59.5–124) | 0.25 |
| FVC, ml (range) | 2540 (1420–3360) | 3666 (1580–5430) | 0.07 |
| FVC, % (range) | 80.7 (35–121) | 99 (62.5–128.6) | 0.46 |
| FEV/FVC (range) | 81.5 (57–91) | 79 (68–86) | 0.61 |
| DLCO, % (range) | 60 (53-85.7) | 64.5 (38–89) | 0.67 |
| MMEF, % (range) | 83 (46–101) | 109 (55–175) | 0.14 |
| RV, % (range) | 102 (56–135) | 79 (48–109) | 0.33 |
| CARDIOLOGIC EXPLORATIONS | |||
| LVEF, % (range) | 58 (43–74) | 64.5 (51–74) | 0.67 |
ALM: appendicular lean mass, BMI: bone mass index; ICU: intensive care unit; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, M3, three months after discharge following COVID-19-related hospitalization; M6, six months after discharge following COVID-19-related hospitalization; FEV: forced expiratory volume; FVC: forced vital capacity; DLCO: diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MMEF: maximal mid-expiratory flow; RV: residual volume.