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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 14.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021 Feb 26;27(1):101224. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2021.101224

Figure 1: Mechanism of white matter injury and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus:

Figure 1:

The schematic shows that IVH results in the accumulation of blood in the cerebral ventricle and cisterna magna. There is breakdown of the clot which results in release of hemoglobin, iron, thrombin, and complement. These blood components trigger oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity, and inflammation resulting in damage of the oligodendrocyte progenitors and hypomyelination. In addition, blood clots block the aqueduct of Sylvius, fourth ventricle outlets, lymphatics, and arachnoid villi hindering the flow of CSF and development of hydrocephalus. The inflammation of choroid plexus increases CSF production. CSF production. IVH: intra ventricular hemorrhage; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; OPC: oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.