TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of Mazira Project participants included in this analysis (n = 400)1
| Intervention (n = 200) | Control (n = 200) | |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal and child characteristics | ||
| Child age, mo | 7.5 ± 1.2 | 7.3 ± 1.2 |
| Male, % | 53.5 | 53.0 |
| First born, % | 31.2 | 24.5 |
| Animal-source food consumption,2 % | ||
| Consumed dairy | 10.6 | 9.0 |
| Consumed meat | 3.5 | 1.5 |
| Consumed fish | 27.1 | 20.0 |
| Consumed eggs | 3.5 | 4.0 |
| Any breast milk, % | 99.5 | 100.0 |
| Prevalence of anemia (Hgb <11 g/dL), % | 62.3 | 62.0 |
| Prevalence of malaria, % | 14.0 | 15.0 |
| Prevalence of stunting (LAZ ≤ −2), % | 13.5 | 14.0 |
| Prevalence of wasting (WLZ ≤ −2), % | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Prevalence of underweight (WAZ ≤ −2), % | 6.5 | 10.0 |
| Prevalence of small head size (HCAZ ≤ −2), % | 21.5 | 25.5 |
| Prevalence of developmental delay,3 % | ||
| Gross motor | 0.5 | 0.0 |
| Fine motor | 2.5 | 2.6 |
| Personal social | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Language | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Maternal age, y | 26.0 ± 6.6 | 26.0 ± 6.9 |
| Maternal BMI, kg/m2 | 21.7 ± 3.3 | 21.8 ± 2.7 |
| Mother completed primary school, % | 28.5 | 22.5 |
| Mother can read, % | 52.8 | 42.7 |
| Household characteristics | ||
| Number of household members | 5.8 ± 2.5 | 6.2 ± 2.8 |
| Moderate to severe food insecurity,4 % | 77.5 | 78.5 |
| Owns latrine, % | 95.5 | 97.5 |
| Owns cow(s), % | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Owns goat(s), % | 17.0 | 23.0 |
| Owns chicken(s), % | 28.0 | 38.5 |
| Less than 10 min to water source, % | 55.3 | 51.8 |
1
Values are means ± SD or percentages. HCAZ, head-circumference-for-age z-score; Hgb, hemoglobin; LAZ, length-for-age z-score; WAZ, weight-for-age z-score; WLZ, weight-for-length z-score.
2
As reported by the caregiver on a 24-h dietary recall.
3
As defined by the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool (13).
4
As defined by the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (14).