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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Youth Adolesc. 2022 Jan 23;51(3):393–408. doi: 10.1007/s10964-021-01557-2

Table 3.

Odds that Partners First Met Online (Odds ratios; all relationship types; unit of analysis = relationship)

All Respondents (N=706) Male Respondents (N=284) Female Respondents (N=422)

TEEN ATTRIBUTES
Female 0.889
Race/Ethnicity
 nonHispanic White ref ref ref
 nonHispanic Black 0.631 0.778 0.536
 Hispanic 0.416 * 0.093 * 0.500
 Other 0.688 0.115 ** 1.048
Socio-emotional adjustment
Closeness to mother at age 9
 Extremely close ref ref ref
 Quite close 0.981 0.163 1.638
Fairly or not very close/no contact past year 1.352 5.304 0.565
Closeness to father at age 9
 Extremely close ref ref ref
 Quite close 1.181 6.757 0.515
 Fairly or not very close 1.596 2.488 2.021
 No contact past year 1.890 9.146 1.073
Closeness to parents at mDiary baseline
 Extremely close ref ref ref
 Quite close 1.306 4.069 0.982
 Fairly or not very close 1.072 3.616 0.653
Disobedient at school (1=often/sometimes) 0.780 1.856 0.765
Fits in well at school
 Strongly agree ref ref ref
 Somewhat agree 2.193 * 0.761 4.981 **
 Disagree or home schooled 1.100 0.040 * 2.767
Makes friends easily (1 = often true) 0.650 0.910 0.455 *
Prior Dating Experience/Attraction
Ever dated by mDiary baseline 0.746 0.339 0.962
Ever same-sex crush 1.764 2.116 1.671
PROXIMATE CONTEXT
Peers
All/most friends dating 0.929 0.774 0.843
Daily weekday hrs. online with friends 1.011 1.016 1.025
Family
Live with both bio parents @ age15 0.746 1.483 0.521
# Mom’s partner transitions (youth ages 9–15) 0.771 0.787 0.698
Parents approve dating 0.816 0.710 0.626
Parents often monitor youth free time 0.855 2.388 0.803
Digital Access/Exposure
Mobile web access 1.615 3.395 * 2.133
Daily weekday hrs. surfing web/shopping online 1.196 * 1.036 1.151
SOCIAL BACKGROUND
Mother’s Education
 Less than high school 1.779 2.530 1.386
 High school or equivalent ref ref ref
 Some college 0.666 0.048 * 1.006
 College graduate 0.467 0.163 * 0.731
Parents married at teens’ birth 1.500 5.572 ** 1.045
Mother foreign born 0.871 3.893 0.487
Constant 0.135 * 0.036 0.110 *
Pseudo R-Square 0.100 0.327 0.154

Source: FFCWS Baseline survey; Year-9 Child survey; Year-15 Parent and Teen Surveys; mDiary surveys

*

p<0.05

**

p<0.01

***

p<.001.

Estimates weighted and robust standard errors