Table 1.
Patient and treatment characteristics
| Patient characteristics | |
| Number of patients | 630 |
| Age (years) | 59.82 ± 15.9 (median: 61.62) |
| Gender (female/male) | 210 (33.3%)/420 (66.7%) |
| Body mass index (BMI) | 28.7 ± 23.9 (median: 26.12) |
| Malignancy | 141 (22.4%) |
| Diabetes | 91 (14.4%) |
| Cardiopulmonary disease | 253 (40.2%) |
| Immunosuppression | 52 (8.3%) |
| Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) | 21 ± 8 (median: 22) |
| Injury Severity Score (ISS) | 25 ± 20 (median: 26) |
| Treatment characteristics | |
| Mortality | 120/630 (19%) |
| Fistula incidence | 9% |
| Length of stay before OAT (days) | 9.05 ± 15.26 (median: 4) |
| OAT after first operation yes/no | 305 (48.4%)/325 (51.6%) |
| Surgical procedures before OAT | 1 (n = 202/32%) |
| 2 (n = 81/12.9%) | |
| 3 (n = 29/4.6%) | |
| 4 (n = 13/2.1%) | |
| Type of incision (midline/transverse/combined) | 502 (79.7%)/56 (8.9%)/12 (1.9%) |
| Indication for previous surgery (elective/emergency) | 198 (31.4%)/419 (66.5%) |
| Intra-abdominal contamination at the initiation of OAT (yes/no) | 290 (46%)/340 (54%) |
| Sepsis at the initiation of OAT (yes/no) | 228 (36.2%)/402 (63.8%) |
| Björck’s classification at the initiation of OAT | Grade 1A—clean OA (27.9%) |
| Grade 1B—contaminated OA (21.4%) | |
| Grade 2A—clean OA developing adherence (12.0%) | |
| Grade 2B—contaminated OA developing adherence (33.1%) | |
| Grade 3—OA complicated by fistula (2.6%) | |
| Grade 4—frozen OA (2.9%) | |
| Björck’s classification at the completion of OAT | Grade 1A—clean OA (26.5%) |
| Grade 1B—contaminated OA (1.5%) | |
| Grade 2A—clean OA with adherence (51.4%) | |
| Grade 2B—contaminated OA with adherence (2.9%) | |
| Grade 3—fistula (9.7%) | |
| Grade 4—frozen abdomen (5.8%) |
OAT open abdomen treatment, OA open abdomen