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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Rev. 2021 Aug 26;129(4):640–695. doi: 10.1037/rev0000313

Table 2:

Summary of Infant and WOLVES model performance in a canonical CSWL task

Measure Smith & Yu (2008) Yu & Smith (2011) Range WOLVES RMSE MAPE
TEST TRIALS
 Mean looking time per 8s trial 6.10 5.92 5.92 – 6.10 6.26 0.26 4.22
 Preferential looking time ratio 0.60 0.54 0.54 – 0.60 0.54 0.04 6.10
 Mean words learned (of 6) 4.0 3.5 3.5 – 4 4.0 0.35 7.14
 Proportion of Strong (S) vs Weak (W) Learners N/A 0.67 N/A 0.74 0.07 10.45
 Mean looking per trial to Target 3.6 3.25 3.25 – 3.6 3.36 0.19 5.03
 Mean looking per trial to Distractor 2.5 2.67 2.5 – 2.67 2.89 0.32 11.92

TRAINING TRIALS S W
 Mean looking time per 4s trial 3.04 2.96 3.07 2.96 – 3.07 3.01 0.02 0.71
 Mean fixations per trial N/A 2.75 3.82 2.75 – 3.82 2.89 0.22 6.98
 Mean fixation duration N/A 1.69 1.21 1.21 – 1.69 1.31 0.22 14.38