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. 2022 Feb 25;6:10. doi: 10.1038/s41698-022-00253-z

Fig. 5. Proposed model of primary HPV(−) HNSCC tumor-immune microenvironments.

Fig. 5

a Depiction of a tumor with a compartmentalized spatial architecture. These tumors have decreased mixing between immune cells and neoplastic tumor cells and tend to contain greater immune cell density, specifically cells involved in antigen presentation, as well as increased density of αSMA+ mesenchymal cells. The αSMA+ cells present tend to be neighbored by CD4+ T helper cells and B cells, as well as other αSMA+ cells. Compartmentalized primary tumors were found to be associated with longer progression-free survival. b Depiction of a tumor with a mixed spatial architecture. These tumors contain increased mixing between immune cells and neoplastic tumor cells and tend to contain increased neoplastic tumor cells, as well as increased PD-1-positive lymphocytes. The αSMA+ cells present tend to be neighbored by neoplastic tumor cells, other immune cells, many of which are CD163+ or are mast cells, and granulocytes. Mixed primary tumors were found to be associated with shorter progression free survival and later TNM stage. This figure was created using BioRender.com.