Table 3.

Summary of functional outcome measures and effect size ranges

Outcome tool	Number of articles including outcome tool	Number of articles with available effect sizes (d)	Range of effect sizes
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General (FACT-G)	13 [25, 27, 28, 38, 42, 44, 47, 62, 86–88]	7 [25, 27, 38, 42, 47, 62, 88]	− 0.67 to 0.8
FACT-G – Physical Well-Being Subscale	2 [47, 78]	1 [47]	− 0.22 to − 0.16
FACT-G – Social Well-Being Subscale	1 [47]	1 [47]	− 0.10 to 0.22
FACT-G – Emotional Well-Being Subscale	1 [47]	1 [47]	0.13–0.29
FACT-G – Functional Well-Being Subscale	3 [47, 49, 78]	2 [47, 49]	0.18–0.3
Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form (SF-36) – Total Score	6 [45, 55, 56, 59, 68, 83]	3 [45, 55, 83]	0.63–15.66
SF- 36—Physical Functioning Subscale	13 [32, 33, 36, 46, 48, 68, 69, 71, 75, 81]	8 [32, 33, 36, 46, 48, 71, 81]	− 0.67 to 4.62
SF- 36 – Role Limitations Physical Subscale	3 [32, 46, 71]	3 [32, 46, 71]	0.08–4.34
SF- 36 – Role Limitations Emotional Subscale	2 [32, 46]	2 [32, 46]	− 0.03 to 0.43
SF- 36 – Mental Well-Being Subscale	3 [32, 36, 46]	3 [32, 36, 46]	− 2.04 to 0.89
SF- 36 – Vitality Subscale	3 [32, 45, 46]	3 [32, 45, 46]	0.63–4.39
SF- 36 – Physical Component Summary	1 [51]	1 [51]	0.16–0.54
SF- 36 – General Health Subscale	2 [32, 46]	2 [32, 46]	0.79–1.4
SF- 36 – Bodily Pain Subscale	2 [32, 46]	2 [32, 46]	− 0.11 to 1.36
SF- 36 – Social Functioning Subscale	2 [32, 46]	2 [32, 46]	0.27–0.7
SF- 36 – Reported Health Transition Subscale	1 [46]	1 [46]	0.75
Short Form – 6D	1 [55]	1 [55]	− 0.01
Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue Scale	8 [34, 38, 39, 51, 56, 58, 67, 75]	3 [38, 51, 67]	0.25–1.87
European Organisation for Research and Treatment Quality of Life (EORTC QLQC-30) – Total Score	4 [23, 26, 76, 79]	3 [23, 26, 79]	− 0.05 to 2.54
EORTC QLQC-30 – Physical Functioning Subscale	6 [43, 50, 53, 60, 67, 82]	4 [43, 53, 60, 67]	0.06–1.02
EORTC QLQC-30 – Global Quality of Life Subscale	5 [43, 53, 60, 67, 80]	5 [43, 53, 60, 67, 80]	− 3.58 to 3.47
EORTC-QLQ-C30—Emotional Function Subscale	5 [43, 50, 53, 60, 82]	3 [43, 53, 60]	0.0–0.77
EORTC-QLQ-C30—Cognitive Function Subscale	5 [43, 50, 53, 60, 82]	3 [43, 53, 60]	− 0.31 to 0.86
EORTC-QLQ-C30—Social Function Subscale	5 [43, 50, 53, 60, 82]	3 [43, 53, 60]	0.26–0.76
EORTC-QLQ-C30 – Role Function Subscale	4 [26, 50, 53, 82]	2 [26, 53]	− 0.07 to 0.9
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Breast (FACT-B)	5 [44, 51, 65, 90, 91]	4 [44, 51, 65, 90]	− 0.05 to 0.92
FACT-B – Physical Well-Being Subscale	3 [59, 65, 90]	2 [65, 90]	− 0.22 to − 0.03
FACT-B – Social Well-Being Subscale	1 [90]	1 [90]	0.97
FACT-B – Emotional Well-Being Subscale	1 [90]	1 [90]	0.37
FACT-B – Functional Well-Being Subscale	3 [59, 65, 90]	2 [65, 90]	− 0.2 to 1.25
FACT-B4	1 [58]	0	–
Six Minute Walk Test	5 [33, 43, 52, 67, 84]	4 [33, 43, 52, 67]	0.32–0.6
Brief Pain Inventory – Pain Interference Subscale	3 [53, 64, 76]	1 [64]	− 0.76 to 0.42
Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care Mobility Short Form	3 [38–40]	1 [38]	1.05
EuroQol- 5 Dimension	3 [39, 40, 79]	1 [79]	1.7
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity	3 [43, 56, 60]	3 [43, 56, 60]	− 0.19 to 0.22
Daily Steps	3 [41, 43, 77]	1 [43]	0.38
Seven -Day Physical Activity Recall (min/week)	2 [67, 74]	1 [67]	0.31
Stand-up and sit-down chair test	2 [45, 46]	2 [45, 46]	0.91–1.25
Arm Lifting Test	2 [45, 46]	2 [45, 46]	− 2.43 to 0.65
Trial Outcome Index	2 [65, 86]	1 [65]	− 0.04
The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)	2 [57, 91]	0	–
QOL-BC—Social Well-Being Subscale	2 [70, 71]	1 [70]	− 0.27
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognition (FACT-Cog) – Quality of Life Subscale	2 [47, 49]	2 [47, 49]	0.12–0.43
PEG Scale Assessing Pain Intensity and Interference	2 [39, 40]	0	–
Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity	2 [41, 54]	1 [54]	0.39
Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire	2 [58, 82]	0	–
European Organisation for Research and Treatment Quality of Life – Breast Cancer (EORTC QLQ-BR23) – Sexual Function Subscale	1 [82]	0	–
EORTC QLQ-BR23 – Sexual Enjoyment Subscale	1 [82]	0	–
Quality of Life –Breast Cancer Survivors– Physical Health Subscale	1 [64]	1 [64]	0.6
Piper Fatigue Scale-revised	1 [53]	0	–
Multidisciplinary Fatigue Inventory	1 [29]	1 [29]	0.29
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Colorectal	1 [74]	0	–
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Cervix	1 [86]	0	–
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endocrine Subscale	1 [48]	1 [48]	0.22–1.48
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Anemia	1 [47]	1 [47]	0.08–0.22
Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Prostate	1 [57]	0	–
Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite	1 [57]	0	–
Cantril’s Ladder of Life	1 [30]	1 [30]	0.45
Functional Performance Inventory	1 [31]	0	–
Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors	1 [33]	1 [33]	0.1
Sickness Impact Profile – 8	1 [23]	0	–
Symptoms Impact Profile	1 [24]	1 [24]	− 0.31
AMPAC Activity Short Form	1 [38]	1 [38]	0.13
UCLA Prostate Cancer Index—Sexual Bother Subscale	1 [36]	1 [36]	0.03
UCLA Prostate Cancer Index—Urinary Incontinence Subscale	1 [89]	0	–-
Total Physical Activity	1 [65]	1 [65]	− 0.07
Gait Speed	1 [66]	1 [66]	− 0.27
2-Min Walk Test	1 [66]	1 [66]	0.19
30-Second Chair Stand Test	1 [66]	1 [66]	0.47
International Physical Activity Questionnaire	1 [65]	1 [65]	− 0.07
Late-Life Function & Disability Instrument – Basic Lower Extremity Function Subscale	1 [72]	1 [72]	3.72
Late-Life Function & Disability Instrument – Advanced Lower Extremity Function Subscale	1 [72]	1 [72]	3.63
Swallowing Function: Maximum interincisal opening and Mandible Function Impairment	1 [85]	1 [85]	− 1.40 to 1.26
Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire	1 [83]	1 [83]	2.91–4.22
Champs Survey (Physical Activity and Lifestyle Behavior Subscales)	1 [37]	0	–
PROMIS® Global Health (Physical and Mental Health Subscales)	1 [41]	0	–
PROMIS® Depression Scale	1 [87]	0	–
Short Physical Performance Battery	1 [77]	0	–
International Index of Erectile Function Scale	1 [78]	0	–
3-Min Step Test	1 [58]	0	–
One Mile Walk Test	1 [73]	0	–
Tread walk Test	1 [74]	0	–
Sit to Stand Test	1 [43]	0	–