Table 1. Participant Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%) (Nā=ā104) |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Male or transgender male | 63 (60.6) |
| Female or transgender female | 27 (26.0) |
| Nonbinary or gender fluid | 10 (9.6) |
| Don't know or missing | 4 (3.8) |
| Race and ethnicitya | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 4 (3.8) |
| Black or African American | 3 (2.9) |
| Latinx | 9 (8.7) |
| Native American, American Indian, or Alaskan Native or Native Hawaiian | 6 (5.8) |
| White | 67 (64.4) |
| More than 1 race or ethnicity chosen | 9 (8.7) |
| Missing | 6 (5.8) |
| Age at baseline, y | |
| 13 | 8 (7.7) |
| 14 | 20 (19.2) |
| 15 | 18 (17.3) |
| 16 | 22 (21.2) |
| 17 | 22 (21.2) |
| 18 | 8 (7.7) |
| 19 | 5 (4.8) |
| 20 | 1 (1.0) |
| Pharmacological intervention | |
| PBsb | 19 (18.2) |
| GAHsb | 64 (61.5) |
| Androgen blockersc | 17 (51.5) |
| Menstrual suppression or contraceptiond | 25 (35.2) |
| Depression at baseline (using PHQ-9) | |
| 0-4 (minimal) | 14 (13.5) |
| 5-9 (mild) | 27 (26.0) |
| 10-14 (moderate) | 22 (21.2) |
| 15-19 (moderately severe) | 11 (10.6) |
| ā„20 (severe) | 26 (25.0) |
| Missing | 4 (3.8) |
| Anxiety at baseline (using GAD-7) | |
| 0-4 (minimal) | 20 (19.2) |
| 5-9 (mild) | 28 (26.9) |
| 10-14 (moderate) | 20 (19.2) |
| ā„15 (severe) | 32 (30.8) |
| Missing | 4 (3.8) |
| Self-harm or suicidal thoughts at baseline | 45 (43.2) |
| Receiving mental health therapy | 65 (62.5) |
| Tension with caregiver about gender identity or expression | 36 (34.6) |
| Any substance use | 34 (32.7) |
| Resilience at baseline (using CD-RISC 10) | |
| 0-10 | 8 (7.7) |
| 10-20 | 35 (33.7) |
| 21-30 | 15 (14.4) |
| 30-40 | 34 (32.7) |
| Missing | 12 (11.5) |
Abbreviations: CD-RISC 10, Connor-Davidson 10-item Resilience Scale; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale; GAH, gender-affirming hormone; PB, puberty blocker; PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item scale.
Available response options for race and ethnicity were Arab or Middle Eastern; Asian or Pacific Islander; Black or African American; Latinx; Native American, American Indian, or Alaskan Native or Native Hawaiian; Pacific Islander; and White. Asian and Pacific Islander groups were combined owing to small population sizes.
Self-reported receipt ever of PBs or GAHs at baseline or through the end of the study period.
Includes androgen blockers received during the study period; percentage is among 33 youths assigned male sex at birth.
Includes pharmacological interventions for menstrual suppression or contraception received during the study period; percentage is among 71 youths assigned female sex at birth.