TABLE 5.
Summary of findings: Diclofenac compared to Placebo/Other NSAIDs for ARTI
|
Patient or population: ARTI Intervention: Diclofenac Comparison: Placebo/Other NSAIDs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Outcome № of participants (studies) |
Relative effect (95% CI) |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) | Certainty | What happens | ||
| Difference | ||||||
|
Fever № of participants: 356 (2 RCTs) |
– | not pooled | – | not pooled |
⨁⨁⨁⨁ HIGH |
Diclofenac reduces fever. |
| Cough ‐ not reported | – | – | – | – | – | No studies were found. |
|
Sore Throat № of participants: 328 (2 RCTs) |
– | not pooled | – | not pooled |
⨁⨁⨁⨁ HIGH |
Diclofenac results in a large reduction in sore throat. The effect size is similar to celecoxib. |
| ARDS ‐ not reported | – | – | – | – | – | No studies were found. |
| Length of stay/ Mortality ‐ not reported | – | – | – | – | – | No studies were found. |
|
GI Upset № of participants: 596 (3 RCTs) |
not pooled | 3.8% | not pooled | not pooled |
⨁⨁◯◯ LOW a,b |
Diclofenac likely does not increase GI upset. |
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence:
High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect
Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different
Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect
Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect
Explanations: a. The effect estimates are large and considerably vary across studies and b. Results from all three studies are wide in confidence intervals including large effects in both directions.
Abbreviations: CI, Confidence interval.
The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).