Table 4.
Univariate Logistic Regression of Factors Associated with Antidiabetic Medication Non-Adherence Among Study Participants at the Diabetic Clinic of MRRH, Mbarara, Uganda
| Variable | Category | Non-Adherence | Univariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No N=159 (%) |
Yes N=98 (%) |
COR | 95% CI | P-value | ||
| Age (years) | 18–24 | 7 (77.8) | 2 (22.2) | 1 | ||
| 25–60 | 120 (72.3) | 46 (27.7) | 1.34 | 0.269–6.697 | 0.720 | |
| Above 60 | 32 (39.0) | 50 (61.0) | 5.47 | 1.068–27.993 | 0.041* | |
| BMI | Normal | 60 (60.6) | 39 (39.4) | 1 | ||
| Overweight | 55 (59.1) | 38 (40.9) | 1.06 | 0.597–1.894 | 0.84 | |
| Obese | 44 (67.7) | 21 (32.3) | 0.73 | 0.380–1.418 | 0.36 | |
| Gender | Male | 48 (53.9) | 41 (46.1) | |||
| Female | 111 (66.1) | 57 (33.9) | 0.60 | 0.356–1.016 | 0.058* | |
| Education | Primary/Intermediate | 71 (67.0) | 35 (33.0) | 1 | ||
| Not educated | 32 (53.3) | 28 (46.7) | 1.78 | 0.928–3.396 | 0.083 | |
| Secondary | 36 (64.3) | 20 (35.7) | 1.13 | 0.571–2.225 | 0.730 | |
| Tertiary | 20 (57.1) | 15 (42.9) | 1.52 | 0.695–3.327 | 0.293 | |
| Physical exercise performance | Yes | 104 (61.9) | 64 (38.1) | 1 | ||
| No | 55 (61.8) | 34 (38.2) | 1.00 | 0.592–1.705 | 0987 | |
| Smoking tobacco | Yes | 4 (80.0) | 1 (20.0) | 1.00 | ||
| No | 155 (61.5) | 97 (38.3) | 2.50 | 0.276–22.726 | 0.415 | |
| Alcohol consumption | Yes | 4 (36.4) | 7 (63.6) | 1 | ||
| No | 155 (63.0) | 91 (37.0) | 0.34 | 0.096–1.177 | 0.088* | |
| Type of Diabetes | Type 1 | 2 (50.0) | 2 (50.0) | 1 | ||
| Type 2 | 157 (62.1) | 96 (37.9) | 0.61 | 0.148–2.482 | 0.487 | |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 5 years and below | 110 (68.7) | 50 (31.3) | 1 | ||
| Above 5 years | 49 (50.5) | 48 (49.5) | 2.15 | 1.281–3.624 | 0.004* | |
| Presence of Complications | Yes | 132 (63.3) | 77 (36.7) | 1 | ||
| No | 27 (56.3) | 21 (43.7) | 1.33 | 0.706–2.518 | 0.375 | |
| Presence of Comorbidities | Yes | 85 (62.5) | 51 (37.5) | 1 | ||
| No | 74 (61.2) | 47 (38.8) | 1.05 | 0.424–0.849 | 0.825 | |
| Religion | Protestants | 76 (62.3) | 46 (37.7) | 1 | ||
| Catholics | 53 (66.2) | 27 (33.8) | 0.84 | 0.466–1.519 | 0.567 | |
| Muslims | 19 (48.7) | 20 (51.3) | 1.74 | 0.841–3.597 | 0.136* | |
| Pentecostal | 8 (66.7) | 4 (33.3) | 0.83 | 0.236–2.897 | 0.765 | |
| Others | | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 0.55 | 0.056–5.452 | 0.610 | |
| Employment | Employed | 33 (56.9) | 25 (43.1) | 1 | ||
| Peasant/farmer | 45 (52.9) | 40 (47.1) | 1.17 | 0.599–2.297 | 0.641 | |
| Entrepreneur | 30 (71.4) | 12 (28.6) | 0.53 | 0.226–1.232 | 0.140* | |
| Un employed | 45 (71.4) | 18 (28.6) | 0.53 | 0.248–1.123 | 0.097* | |
| Others | 6 (66.7) | 3 (33.3) | 0.66 | 0.150–2.899 | 0.582 | |
| Tribe | Banyankole | 117 (62.6) | 70 (37.4) | 1 | ||
| Bakiga | 18 (60.0) | 12 (40.0) | 1.11 | 0.506–2.451 | 0.788 | |
| Buganda | 14 (51.9) | 13 (48.1) | 1.55 | 0.689–3.492 | 0.288 | |
| Others | 10 (76.9) | 3 (23.1) | 0.50 | 0.133–1.884 | 0.307 | |
| Antidiabetic regimen used | Metformin | 24 (66.7) | 12 (33.3) | 1 | ||
| Insulin | 19 (52.8) | 17 (47.2) | 1.95 | 0.741–5.140 | 0.176* | |
| Metformin and insulin | 31 (72.1) | 12 (27.9) | 0.84 | 0.318–2.242 | 0.735 | |
| Metformin and Glibenclamide | 85 (59.9) | 57 (40.1) | 1.46 | 0.664–3.219 | 0.344 | |
Notes: NB: those with a * had a p-value ≤ 0.20 and were considered for multivariate logistic regression analysis; texts in bold: statistically significant.