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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 26.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2011 Oct-Dec;33(4):303–313. doi: 10.1097/TME.0b013e3182330530

Table 1.

Description of employees and employers (n = 211)

Participant characteristics N %
Race
 White 184 86
 Black 12 6
 Asian 10 5
 American Indian/Alaskan native 1 1
 Multiple races 5 2
 Other 1 1

Gender
 Male 62 29
 Female 151 71

Educational level
 High school or GED 2 1
 Some college 32 15
 2-year associate degree 41 19
 Baccalaureate degree 73 34
 Graduate education/professional degree 65 31

Job title
 Medical doctor 42 20
 RN 118 55
 LPN 2 1
 Physician assistant 5 2
 Paramedic 13 6
 Patient care assistant/ED technician 25 12
 Other 8 4

Primary work shift
 Days 68 32
 Evenings 31 15
 Nights 36 17
 Rotating 70 33
 Other 7 3

Violence prevention training
 No 119 56
 Yes 92 44

Workplace characteristics
 Location of hospital
  Level I trauma center 130 61
  Urban 44 21
  Suburban 38 18
 Patient population
  Adult only 68 32
  General (adult and pediatric) 133 62
  Psychiatric only 12 6