Table 11.
Sensitivity analyses removing children with (A) congenital malformations, (B) multiple births, and (C) prematurity (gestational age < 37 weeks): adjusted GLMM results for the feeding problems scale with ASQ at 18, 24, and 30 months
| 18 months | 24 months | 30 months | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| A. Removing congenital malformations | |||||||||
| ASQ Total | 1.48 | 1.02, 2.17 | .041 | 2.15 | 1.60, 2.90 | <.001 | 3.95 | 2.62, 5.97 | <.001 |
| Fine Motor | 1.97 | 1.11, 3.50 | <.001 | 2.66 | 1.69, 4.17 | <.001 | 5.06 | 2.83, 9.04 | <.001 |
| Gross Motor | 1.34 | 0.76, 2.35 | .102 | 2.24 | 1.30, 3.85 | .004 | 5.19 | 3.10, 8.69 | <.001 |
| Communication | 1.82 | 1.03, 3.21 | .001 | 2.05 | 1.43, 2.93 | <.001 | 4.41 | 2.61, 7.46 | <.001 |
| Personal-Social | 1.53 | 0.87, 2.70 | .008 | 2.25 | 1.49, 3.40 | <.001 | 5.65 | 3.13, 10.21 | <.001 |
| Problem Solving | 1.84 | 1.08, 3.14 | .001 | 2.61 | 1.61, 4.25 | <.001 | 4.11 | 2.36, 7.16 | <.001 |
| B. Removing multiples | |||||||||
| ASQ Total | 1.70 | 1.05, 2.74 | .030 | 2.14 | 1.51, 3.03 | <.001 | 4.53 | 2.77, 7.40 | <.001 |
| Fine Motor | 2.19 | 1.10, 4.39 | .027 | 3.27 | 1.88, 5.66 | <.001 | 4.84 | 2.47, 9.47 | <.001 |
| Gross Motor | 1.87 | 0.96, 3.64 | .065 | 2.58 | 1.42, 4.71 | .002 | 5.74 | 3.04, 10.83 | <.001 |
| Communication | 2.10 | 0.99, 4.45 | .052 | 1.90 | 1.22, 2.97 | .005 | 4.21 | 2.31, 7.70 | <.001 |
| Personal-Social | 2.13 | 1.02, 4.45 | .043 | 2.45 | 1.49, 4.02 | <.001 | 5.91 | 3.01, 11.59 | <.001 |
| Problem Solving | 1.99 | 1.05, 3.78 | .035 | 2.99 | 1.62, 5.52 | <.001 | 4.25 | 2.24, 8.07 | <.001 |
| C. Removing preterm | |||||||||
| ASQ Total | 1.69 | 1.07, 2.65 | .023 | 2.33 | 1.64, 3.30 | <.001 | 4.59 | 2.84, 7.43 | <.001 |
| Fine Motor | 2.20 | 1.09, 4.43 | .027 | 3.41 | 2.00, 5.82 | <.001 | 5.34 | 2.74, 10.44 | <.001 |
| Gross Motor | 1.63 | 0.86, 3.10 | .132 | 2.66 | 1.47, 4.81 | .001 | 6.44 | 3.46, 12.02 | <.001 |
| Communication | 2.04 | 1.00, 4.15 | .050 | 2.20 | 1.40, 3.44 | <.001 | 4.97 | 2.74, 9.00 | <.001 |
| Personal-Social | 1.82 | 0.91, 3.64 | .092 | 2.66 | 1.62, 4.37 | <.001 | 6.45 | 3.27, 12.71 | <.001 |
| Problem Solving | 1.96 | 1.07, 3.59 | .030 | 3.37 | 1.86, 6.11 | <.001 | 4.58 | 2.46, 8.55 | <.001 |
Note: GLMM = generalized linear mixed model. ASQ = Ages and Stages Questionnaire©. Adjusted models control for child sex, gestational age (not in preterm model), sleep problems (time-varying), history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, maternal age, non-Hispanic white ethnicity/race, college education, marital status, infertility treatment, parity, plurality (not in multiples model), and maternal depression.