Table 4.
Major peptide groups and their bioactivities (Meisel 2004)
| Bioactive peptide group | Protein precursor | Bioactivity | Systems affected |
|---|---|---|---|
| Casomorphins | β- and α-casein | Opioid agonists, ACE-inhibitory, immunomodulatory | Nervous, cardiovascular immune |
| α-Lactorphin | α-Lactalbumin (α-La) | Opioid agonists, ACE-inhibitory | Nervous, cardiovascular |
| β-Lactorphin | β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg) | Opioid agonists, ACE-inhibitory, smooth muscle contraction (Ileum) | Nervous, cardiovascular, digestive |
| Lactoferroxins | Lactoferrin | Opioid antagonists | Nervous |
| Casoxins | κ-Casein | Opioid antagonists, ACE-inhibitory, some smooth muscle contraction | Nervous, cardiovascular, digestive |
| Casokinins | β- and α-casein | Antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, cytomodulatory | Immune, cardiovascular |
| Casoplatelins | κ-casein, transferrin | Antithrombiotic | Cardiovascular |
| Immunopeptides | β- and α-casein | Immunomodulatory | Immune |
| Phosphopeptides | β- and α-casein | Mineral carriers | Digestive |
| Lactoferricin | Lactoferrin | Antimicrobial, immunomodulatory | Immune, digestive |