Table 1.

Summary of genetic instruments used in the present Mendelian randomization analysis.

Extrinsic exposures	PMID	Maximum sample size	SNPs in genetic instrument	% explained variability	F statistic
Coffee consumption	31046077	375 833	13	0.55	160.69
Alcohol consumption	23743675	4915	12	4.62	19.80
Smoking status	30643258	518 633	223	1.73	40.99
25-Hydroxy vitamin D	32059762	443 734	138	8.18	286.33
Vitamin B12	19303062	3613	3	23.62	372.11
Folate	19303062	3617	1	0.42	15.26
Fasting blood glucose	20081858	128 613	33	3.3	132.9
IGF-I	21216879	10 280	4	5.93	161.99
IGFBP-3	21216879	10 280	4	1.07	27.86
TG	30275531	617 303	151	2.88	121.33
HDL	30275531	617 303	156	3.71	152.61
LDL	30275531	617 303	119	2.60	138.49
Testosterone	31169883	4291	9	6.29	35.91
SHBG	22829776	29 966	12	5.91	156.79
ALA	21829377	8866	4	3.76	86.46
DHA	21829377	8866	1	0.72	64.42
Interleukin-6	27989323	8189	23	5.99	22.64
Hypertension	31879980	185 565	35	1.14	61.20
Type 2 diabetes	30054458	659 316	149	1.54	68.89
Periodontitis	30218097	15 003	9	1.47	24.81
BPH	30988330	10 419	7	1.59	24.03
SLE	26502338	14 267	69	54.81	249.52
Schizophrenia	29483656	265 304	143	0.44	8.12
Parkinson's disease	31701892	1 474 097	106	0.6	84.38
Multiple sclerosis	31604244	115 804	192	11.48	76.13
Metabolic syndrome	31589552	291 107	93	2.53	81.11
BMI	30108127	793 208	191	1.48	62.20
Height	25282103	333 355	169	5.89	123.48
Waist circumference	28443625	362 932	51	0.69	49.36
Aspirin use	31015401	112 010	10	0.43	48.18

ALA, alpha-linolenic acid; BMI, body mass index; BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; IGF-I, Insulin-like growth factor-I; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3; PCa, Prostate cancer; SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism.