Table 1.
PSG in comparison to Beddit, actigraphy, and self-report measures of bedtime, TST, SE%, SOL, and WASO.
| PSG (Mean, SD) | Comparison Device (Mean, SD) | Difference With PSG (Mean, SD) | Agreement With PSG (ICC [95% CI]) | Main Effect of Device | Device by Sleep Condition Interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bedtime | ||||||
| Beddit 3.5 (n = 14) | 12:05 AM (102.93 min) | 12:00 AM (102.14 min) | –4.90 (3.52) min | 0.999 [0.998– 0.999] | F(1,12) = 24.88, P < .001, ηp2 = 0.68*** | F(1,12) = 0.82, P = .383, ηp2 = 0.06 |
| Actigraphy (n = 31) | 11:30 PM (96.83 min) | 11:30 PM (95.66 min) | 0.68 (6.38) min | 0.998 [0.995–0.999] | F(1,29) = 0.10, P = .755, ηp2 = 0.003 | F(1,29) = 1.36, P = .254, ηp2 = 0.05 |
| TST (min) | ||||||
| Beddit 3.5 (n = 14) | 375.07 (115.63) | 376.64 (115.47) | 1.57 (7.40) | 0.998 [0.994–0.999] | F(1,12) = 0.48, P = .502, ηp2 = 0.04 | F(1,12) = 0.24, P = .633, ηp2 = 0.02 |
| Beddit 3.0 (n = 21) | 399.40 (85.42) | 444.81 (487.65) | 45.40 (462.02) | 0.13 [–0.31 to 0.52] | F(1,19) = 0.05, P = .831, ηp2 = 0.002 | F(1,19) = 0.85, P = .367, ηp2 = 0.04 |
| Actigraphy (n = 31) | 400.34 (98.76) | 398.16 (99.82) | –2.18 (28.32) | 0.96 [0.92–0.98] | F(1,29) = 0.29, P = .598, ηp2 = 0.01 | F(1,29) = 0.29, P = .594, ηp2 = 0.01 |
| Self-report (n = 34) | 384.65 (94.50) | 357.35 (134.41) | –27.29 (110.24) | 0.55 [0.27–0.75] | F(1,32) = 1.93, P = .174, ηp2 = 0.06 | F(1,32) = 0.45, P = .508, ηp2 = 0.01 |
| SE% | ||||||
| Beddit 3.5 (n = 14) | 89.45 (12.21) | 88.36 (11.43) | –1.10 (2.09) | 0.98 [0.95–0.995] | F(1,12) = 3.24, P = .097, ηp2 = 0.21 | F(1,12) = 0.88, P = .366, ηp2 = 0.07 |
| Beddit 3.0 (n = 21) | 89.27 (7.08) | 88.24 (15.49) | –1.04 (14.69) | 0.26 [–0.19 to 0.61] | F(1,19) = 0.34, P = .564, ηp2 = 0.02 | F(1,19) = 1.29, P = .270, ηp2 = 0.06 |
| Actigraphy (n = 31) | 88.91 (9.64) | 87.94 (8.80) | –0.97 (5.71) | 0.81 [0.64–0.90] | F(1,29) = 1.20, P = .282, ηp2 = 0.04 | F(1,29) = 0.65, P = .428, ηp2 = 0.02 |
| Self-report (n = 34) | 89.35 (9.44) | 83.83 (17.05) | –5.52 (15.35) | 0.38 [0.05–0.63] | F(1,32) = 4.24, P = .048, ηp2 = 0.12* | F(1,32) = 0.002, P = .960, ηp2 < 0.001 |
| SOL (min) | ||||||
| Beddit 3.5 (n = 14) | 16.96 (13.77) | 23.36 (16.97) | 6.39 (6.06) | 0.92 [0.78–0.98] | F(1,12) = 14.24, P = .003, ηp2 = 0.54** | F(1,12) = 0.02, P = .890, ηp2 = 0.002 |
| Beddit 3.0 (n = 21) | 22.86 (21.52) | 9.43 (9.30) | –13.43 (23.24) | 0.02 [–0.41 to 0.44] | F(1,19) = 5.21, P = .034, ηp2 = 0.22* | F(1,19) = 3.75, P = .068, ηp2 = 0.17 |
| Actigraphy (n = 31) | 21.94 (19.45) | 17.52 (23.41) | –4.42 (15.62) | 0.74 [0.52–0.86] | F(1,29) = 1.65, P = .209, ηp2 = 0.05 | F(1,29) = 1.30, P = .264, ηp2 = 0.04 |
| Self-report (n = 34) | 20.07 (18.91) | 27.21 (14.96) | 7.13 (19.19) | 0.37 [0.04–0.62] | F(1,32) = 4.87, P = .035, ηp2 = 0.13* | F(1,32) = 0.76, P = .390, ηp2 = 0.02 |
| WASO (min) | ||||||
| Beddit 3.5 (n = 14) | 25.86 (34.71) | 47.57 (40.51) | 21.71 (14.89) | 0.92 [0.78–0.97] | F(1,12) = 32.90, P < .001, ηp2 = 0.73*** | F(1,12) = 1.72, P = .214, ηp2 = 0.13 |
| Beddit 3.0 (n = 21) | 27.24 (34.91) | 52.90 (46.68) | 25.67 (58.96) | –0.02 [–0.44 to 0.40] | F(1,19) = 6.25, P = .022, ηp2 = 0.25* | F(1,19) = 3.49, P = .077, ηp2 = 0.16 |
| Actigraphy (n = 31) | 28.24 (36.01) | 25.05 (15.61) | –3.19 (29.25) | 0.44 [0.11–0.69] | F(1,29) = 0.49, P = .489, ηp2 = 0.02 | F(1,29) = 0.26, P = .612, ηp2 = 0.01 |
| Self-report (n = 34) | 26.51 (34.82) | 31.99 (44.00) | 5.47 (29.61) | 0.72 [0.51–0.85] | F(1,32) = 1.17, P = .288, ηp2 = 0.04 | F(1,32) = 0.12, P = .734, ηp2 = 0.004 |
*P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001. CI = confidence interval, ICC = intraclass correlation coefficient, ηp2 = partial eta squared, PSG = polysomnography, SD = standard deviation, SE% = sleep efficiency, SOL = sleep onset latency, TST = total sleep time, WASO = wake after sleep onset.