Table 1.

Daily diary sleep hygiene items, responses, and coding.

Recommendation		Survey Item	Response Options	Criteria for “Engagement”
1	Wake time	What time was your final awakening?	[open]	Within 30 minutes of median wake time
2	Naps	How long did you nap yesterday?	[open]	Duration ≤ 30 minutes
3	Bedtime routine	Did you do something routine or relaxing in the 30 minutes before bedtime yesterday?	Yes/no	Responded “yes”
4	Bright lights	Did you avoid bright light in the 30 minutes before bedtime yesterday?	Yes/no	Responded “yes”
5	Exercise	Did you engage in 30+ minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity yesterday?	Yes/no	Responded “yes”
6	Nicotine	At approximately what time did you finish your last cigarette yesterday?	[open]	2+ hours before bedtime
7	Alcohol	At approximately what time did you finish your last alcoholic drink yesterday?	[open]	2+ hours before bedtime
8	Caffeine timing	At approximately what time did you finish your last caffeinated drink yesterday?	[open]	Before 12 PM
9	Caffeine dose	How many doses of caffeine (1 oz espresso, 8 oz coffee, 12 oz soda) did you have yesterday?	[open]	Quantity ≤ 3
10	Heavy meals	Did you have a heavy meal within 2 hours of bedtime yesterday?	Yes/no	Responded “no”
11	Environment	Please rate the quality of last night’s sleep environment (eg, temperature, darkness, noise level of the place where you slept)	0 (very poor) to 4 (very good)	Rated as “good” or “very good”

All sleep hygiene items were recoded as yes/no (coded 1 for “engagement” and 0 for “nonengagement”) in analyses so that the effect size of each behavior could be compared.