TABLE 1.

Baseline characteristics of the sample stratified by obesity status

	Healthy weight n = 14	Overweight or obesity n = 11	p
Age (years)	17.14 ± 1.66	16.27 ± 2.05	0.253
Sex (% males)	7 (50.0)	6 (54.5)	0.830
Anthropometrics
Weight (kg)	62.35 ± 11.93	79.15 ± 15.45	0.005
BMI (kg/m2)	20.30 ± 2.19	25.29 ± 2.83	< 0.001
BMI Percentile	48.57 ± 19.98	90.64 ± 6.50	< 0.001
BMI z‐score	−0.21 ± 0.65	1.31 ± 0.57	< 0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	79.02 ± 11.85	88.16 ± 13.96	0.090
Fat mass (kg)	11.55 ± 4.91	25.46 ± 15.68	0.005
Fat mass (%)	19.09 ± 8.34	28.15 ± 10.95	0.027
Fat‐free mass (kg)	55.39 ± 14.42	59.09 ± 14.08	0.526
Metabolic profile
Systolic BP (mmHg)	111.70 ± 15.05	117.10 ± 15.14	0.386
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	71.89 ± 7.65	75.14 ± 6.47	0.273
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.38 ± 0.84	4.31 ± 0.84	0.851
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.57 ± 0.32	1.48 ± 0.51	0.599
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.43 ± 0.88	2.52 ± 0.87	0.808
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.01 ± 0.40	1.07 ± 0.56	0.778
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.03 ± 0.40	5.31 ± 0.45	0.123
Metabolic z‐score	−0.67 ± 1.69	0.86 ± 2.48	0.080
Fitness and activity levels
CRF (ml/kg/min)	44.18 ± 8.75	34.80 ± 7.24	0.009
CRF (ml/FFM/min)	51.46 ± 12.47	47.40 ± 9.78	0.386
Baseline irisin concentrations
MCI (ng/ml)	20.65 ± 8.05	20.34 ± 5.68	0.917
HIIT (ng/ml)	19.32 ± 13.16	16.23 ± 9.47	0.533

Continuous variables are presented as means ± standard deviation. Categorical variables are presented as n (%). Bolded values represent a significant difference between groups; alpha level at 0.05.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CRF, cardiorespiratory fitness; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HIIT, high intensity interval training; LDL, low density lipoprotein; MCI, moderate continuous intensity; MVPA, moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity.