Table 2.
Associations between baseline (2004–2007) characteristics and tertiles of the MIND, Mediterranean-type and traditional diet scores, Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 study
| MIND diet | Mediterranean-type diet | Traditional diet | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariates | Low | High | P trend | Low | High | P trend | Low | High | P trend |
| Age (years) | 69·6 | 69·4 | 0·06 | 69·6 | 69·4 | 0·004 | 69·4 | 69·6 | 0·003 |
| Female sex (%) | 39·0 | 66·7 | <0·001 | 47·6 | 55·8 | 0·14 | 61·9 | 42·8 | <0·001 |
| Energy (kcal/d)* | 1901 | 1886 | 0·93 | 1691 | 2113 | <0·001 | 1703 | 2139 | <0·001 |
| Age 11 IQ | 99·3 | 102·5 | 0·008 | 98·7 | 103·7 | <0·001 | 106·3 | 97·9 | <0·001 |
| Education (years) | 10·6 | 11·0 | <0·001 | 10·5 | 11·1 | <0·001 | 11·2 | 10·5 | <0·001 |
| Own SES† (% prof) | 45·7 | 66·5 | <0·001 | 39·9 | 71·6 | <0·001 | 73·6 | 43·7 | <0·001 |
| Father SES‡ (% prof) | 22·3 | 31·2 | 0·26 | 17·2 | 33·6 | 0·001 | 36·8 | 23·2 | 0·001 |
| Current smoker (%) | 18·1 | 4·3 | <0·001 | 14·3 | 4·8 | 0·003 | 7·1 | 15·0 | 0·001 |
| Depressive symptoms§ | 3·0 | 2·4 | 0·001 | 2·9 | 2·4 | 0·04 | 2·4 | 3·0 | 0·005 |
| Physical activity‖ (% low) | 31·1 | 21·9 | 0·01 | 33·0 | 20·5 | <0·001 | 22·5 | 26·5 | 0·02 |
| BMI | 27·8 | 27·2 | 0·20 | 27·7 | 27·4 | 0·59 | 26·9 | 28·2 | <0·001 |
| Hypertension (% yes) | 39·4 | 39·6 | 0·98 | 42·5 | 35·7 | 0·24 | 36·1 | 45·0 | 0·08 |
| CVD (% yes) | 25·9 | 23·9 | 0·64 | 25·2 | 23·8 | 0·88 | 23·1 | 26·9 | 0·40 |
| Diabetes (% yes) | 6·7 | 7·1 | 0·84 | 9·2 | 4·8 | 0·11 | 5·4 | 8·8 | 0·28 |
| Stroke (% yes) | 5·3 | 3·9 | 0·41 | 5·1 | 3·1 | 0·45 | 1·7 | 5·8 | 0·03 |
| Deaths (% yes) | 32·3 | 16·1 | <0·001 | 29·9 | 20·0 | 0·005 | 17·7 | 28·6 | 0·008 |
SES, socio-economic status; prof, professional.
To convert kcal to kJ, multiply it by 4·184.
Own SES, % prof, is the % of participants in occupational social classes 1 & 2 (indicating professional occupations).
Father SES, % prof, is the % of participants with father in occupational social classes 1 & 2 (indicating professional occupations).
Depressive symptoms calculated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Depression subscale score (range 1–21).
Physical activity, % low, is the % of participants in the two least active groups (1, moving only in accordance with household chores, and 2, walking 1–2 times a week).