Table 1.
Study characteristics
| Author, year, setting | Participants | Intervention/control | Population | Mean age | 95 % CI | sd (years) | Intervention | Control | Duration | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-diabetes | ||||||||||
| Ackerman et al. 2015 USA | 509 | I: 257; C: 252 | 57 % African American | 51·0 | 12·1 | 16 face to face small group session delivered over 16 to 24 weeks followed by monthly support meetings. | Standard care | 24 weeks | Primary: Body weight Secondary: HbA1c |
|
| Sattin et al. 2016 USA | 604 | I: 317; C: 287 | African American | 46·6 | 10·9 | 12 weekly group sessions of faith-based adaptation of Diabetes prevention programme. 6 booster sessions included post-baseline. |
12 weekly group sessions of standard health education, non-diabetes specific. | 12 weeks | Primary: Weight change Secondary: FPG |
|
| Type 2 diabetes | ||||||||||
| Melkus et al. 2010 USA | 109 | I: 52; C: 57 | African American Women | 48·0 | 10·0 | 11-week culturally relevant group DSMT, coping skills training and diabetes care intervention | 10-week group-based usual diabetes education and diabetes discussion | 12 weeks | HbA1c | |
| Murrock et al. 2009 USA | 46 | I: 24; C: 22 | African American Women | 62·8 | 10·1 | 12 weekly 60-minute peer supported dance class | 10-week usual diabetes education | 12 weeks | HbA1c | |
| Lutes et al. 2012 USA | 200 | I: 100; C: 100 | African American Women | 53·5 | 10·2 | 16 phone-based lifestyle intervention sessions | 16 educational mailing materials. | 12 months | HbA1c | |
| Keyserling et al. 2002 USA | 200 | I: 67; C: 66 & 67 | African American Women | 59·1 | Month 1–6: Traditional Individual clinic counseling visits and two community-based group sessions with monthly phone calls followed. Month 6–12: monthly phone calls and 1 community-based group session. |
Clinic intervention only Or mailing educational pamphlets. |
16 weeks | Primary: PA Secondary: HbA1c |
||
| Samuel Hodge et al. 2009 USA | 201 | I: 117; C: 84 | African American | 59·1 | 1·1 | 12 biweekly Group-based church intervention, 1 individual counseling session and monthly phone contact. | Standard educational pamphlets by mail and 3 bimonthly newsletters | 12 months | HbA1c | |
| Lynch et al. 2014 USA | 61 | I: 26; C: 29 | African American | 54·1 | 10·0 | 18 Weekly Group-based diabetes self-management class and weekly telephone calls. | Short-term diabetes care: 2 group based self-management training. |
6 months | Primary: Weight loss Secondary: HbA1c |
|
| Lynch et al. 2019 USA | 211 | I: 106; C: 105 | African American | 55·0 | 10·3 | 28 group sessions over 12 months; weekly (months 1–4); biweekly (months 5–8); monthly (months 9–12) in a community setting. | 2 Standard DSME sessions in clinic | 12 months | HbA1c | |
| Anderson et al. 2005 USA | 239 | I: 125; C: 114 | African American | 61·0 | 11·4 | 6 weekly group session of culturally specific ‘me | 6-week delay. | 6 weeks | HbA1c | |
| Gary et al. 2017 USA | 542 | I: 269; C: 273 | African American | 58·0 | 11·0 | Individual tailored efforts by nurse and CHW, minimum 3x per year. | Telephone calls and mailing of standard information brochures every 6 months. | 24 months | Primary: 3-year hospital events Secondary: HbA1c |
|
| Samuel-Hodge et al. 2017 USA |
108 (54 dyads) | I: 72; C: 36 | African American | 51·0 | 20 weekly-group based diabetes education of family dyads. | Delayed intervention | 20 weeks | Primary: Weight loss Secondary: HbA1c |
||
| Ruggiero et al. 2014 USA | 266 | I: 134; C: 132 | 52·6 % African American (+Latin American) | 53·2 | 12·4 | TAU AND Medical assistant self-care coaching involving face-to-face coaching delivered quarterly at routine checkups and monthly telephone follow-ups. |
TAU AND “Diabetes: youre in control booklet” (adapted for low literacy) |
12 months | HbA1c | |
| Spencer et al. 2011 USA | 164 (94 AA) | I: 72; C: 92 | African American (53 %) and Latino | 52·5 | 50, 54·5 | CHW conducted 11 2-h group sessions on diabetes education every 2 weeks at community locations. 2 home visits per month and 1 clinic visit with participant. |
6-month delayed intervention. | 6 months | HbA1c | |
| Mayer-Davis et al. 2004 USA |
152 | I: 49; C: 47 & 56 | 82 % African American | 60·3 | 8·6 | 16 weekly individual meeting with nutritionist. | 2 control arms; RI: Condensed version; 4 1-h sessions (3 group; 1 individual) UC: 1 individual session |
12 months | Primary: Weight loss Secondary: HbA1c |
|
| Sharp et al. 2018 USA | 244 | I: 120; C: 124 | 73 % African American | 54·2 | 11·2 | Monthly CHW for first 3–4 months; accompanied them to PCP and pharmacist encounters | Pharmacist intervention providing medication and disease management | 24 months | HbA1c | |
HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; DSMT, diabetes self-management training; PA, physical activity; DSME, diabetes self-management education; CHW, community health worker; TAU, treatment as usual; AA, African American; RI, reimbursable lifestyle intervention; UC, usual care; PCP, primary care physician.