Figure 2.

Transcriptomic signature of human astrocytes in the peritumor microenvironment. A, Volcano plot represents differential gene expression in human peritumor astrocytes versus controls. Red represents p < 0.05. Full differential gene expression in Extended Data Figure 2-1; cross-validation in Extended Data Figure 2-2; effects of brain region in Extended Data Figure 2-3. B, Bar plots of astrocyte genes with changing expression in the peritumor microenvironment. Error bars indicate standard deviation. C, Selected GO terms that are significantly enriched in upregulated (left) and downregulated (right) genes in peritumor astrocytes. Dashed lines indicate p = 0.05. Full GO results in Extended Data Figure 2-6. Analysis of synaptic genes and disease-associated genes in Extended Data Figure 2-4. D, Heatmaps of differential gene expression in peritumor astrocytes related to (top) synaptic function, (middle) astrocyte reactivity, and (bottom) mature astrocyte markers. E, Heatmaps of extracellular matrix genes with increased (red) or decreased (blue) expression in peritumor astrocytes, all significant at p < 0.05. F, Normalized gene expression of anti-inflammatory (top) and pro-inflammatory (bottom) genes that are differentially expressed in peritumor astrocytes (p < 0.05). G, Normalized gene expression of plasma membrane receptors that are differentially expressed in peritumor astrocytes (p < 0.05). Full gene list in Extended Data Figure 2-5. H, Normalized gene expression of the top 50 astrocyte marker genes, identified by Kelley et al. (2018a), in peritumor and control astrocytes. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001.