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. 2022 Jan 31;10(1):9. doi: 10.3390/diseases10010009

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Illustration of the general D-Serine or D-Aspartate metabolic pathway in bacteria and/or in mammals. D-Amino acid oxidase (DAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-Serine. The DAO activator G72/G30 could stimulate the DAO. Both D-Serine and D-Aspartate are involved in NMDA receptor signaling in the neuron. The arrowhead means stimulation and/or augmentation, whereas the hammerhead represents inhibition. As a footnote, some serious events have been omitted for simplicity. DDO: D-Aspartate oxidase; DAOA: DAO activator; NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate.