Table 1.

Representative clinical trials of biomaterials for inflammation-related diseases

Mode of action	Biomaterial	Condition or disease	Recruitment status	First posted	Identifier
Scavenging strategy	Polyethyleneimine-coated membrane for haemofiltration versus polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column	Inflammatory conditions in septic shock	Completed	24 September 2013	NCT01948778
	Membrane composed of copolymer of acrylonitrile and sodium methylsulfonate with polyethyleneimine-treated surface and adhered heparin	Cardiac-surgery-associated acute kidney injury	Recruiting	7 August 2015	NCT02518087
	Copolymer of acrylonitrile and sodium methylsulfonate with polyethyleneimine-treated surface	Septic acute kidney injury	Completed	13 February 2013	NCT01790620
	Chewing gum with chitosan	Gingival inflammation	Completed	2 August 2017	NCT03237624
Blockage strategy	Nebulized heparin	COVID-19-induced lung injury	Enrolling by invitation	21 May 2020	NCT04397510
	Low-dose unfractionated heparin	Inflammation in sepsis	Completed	12 May 2014	NCT02135770
	Low-molecular-weight heparin	Paediatric cataract surgery	Completed	29 September 2009	NCT00986076
	Unfractionated heparin	Severe sepsis with suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation	Recruiting	13 January 2016	NCT02654561
Delivery strategy	PEG-liposomal prednisolone sodium phosphate (Nanocort)	Atherosclerosis	Recruiting	23 July 2012	NCT01647685
	Liposomal GSH for glutathione and N-acetylcysteine delivery	Obesity, hyperlipidaemia, insulin resistance, hypertension	Completed	12 March 2012	NCT01550432

GSH, glutathione; PEG, polyethylene glycol.