Spheroid size and viability for Group 1 (CM:FB:HUVEC 70:15:15), Group 2 (CM:FB:EVC 70:15:15), and Group 3 (CM:FB:EVC 40:15:45) spheroids. (A) Average spheroid diameter. (B) Average spheroid viability. (C–E) TUNEL stains for (C) Group 1, (D) Group 2, and (E) Group 3 spheroids. Blue DAPI stain indicates all cells present live and dead. Green TUNEL stain for fluorescein-12-dUTP at 3′-OH DNA ends indicates apoptotic cells. On bar charts, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. CM, cardiomyocyte; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; EVC, early vascular cell; FB, fibroblast; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell.