Table 2.
Comparison of baseline, procedure, and outcome characteristics between the two groups after PSM.
| Variables/clinical findings | All patients (n = 432) | GA (n = 216) | LA ±CS (n = 216) | P -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age,y, median (IQR) | 64 (55–73) | 64 (56–73) | 63 (54–74.8) | 0.472 |
| Men, n (%) | 277 (64.1) | 137 (63.4) | 140 (64.8) | 0.763 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 217 (105) | 105 (48.6) | 112 (51.9) | 0.501 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 69 (16.0) | 31 (14.4) | 38 (17.6) | 0.358 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 92 (21.3) | 41 (19.0) | 51 (23.6) | 0.240 |
| Stroke | 44 (10.2) | 20 (9.3) | 24 (11.1) | 0.525 |
| Current smoking | 155 (35.9) | 78 (36.1) | 77 (35.6) | 0.920 |
| Current drinking | 62 (14.4) | 36 (16.7) | 26 (12.0) | 0.170 |
| Prior treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Antiplatelet therapy | 116 (26.9) | 55 (25.5) | 61 (28.2) | 0.515 |
| IV thrombolysis | 125 (28.9) | 61 (28.2) | 64 (29.6) | 0.750 |
| Baseline measurements, median (IQR) | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 146 (130–162) | 148.5 (130.0–163.5) | 145.5 (130.0–162.0) | 0.738 |
| Admission NIHSS | 16 (13–21) | 16 (13–21) | 16 (13–22) | 0.589 |
| ASPECTS, median | 8 (7–8) | 8 (7–8) | 8 (7–8) | 0.523 |
| Occlusion site, n (%) | ||||
| ICA | 174 (40.3) | 94 (43.5) | 80 (37.0) | 0.163 |
| M1 | 205 (47.5) | 102 (47.2) | 103 (47.7) | |
| M2/3 | 51 (11.8) | 19 (8.8) | 32 (14.8) | |
| ACA | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | |
| Tandem occlusion | 62 (14.4) | 32 (14.8) | 30 (13.9) | 0.784 |
| TOAST, n (%) | ||||
| LAA | 275 (63.7) | 145 (67.1) | 130 (47.3) | 0.134 |
| CE | 100 (23.1) | 50 (23.1) | 50 (23.1) | 1.000 |
| Procedure process, n (%) | ||||
| GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor | 147 (34.0) | 83 (38.4) | 64 (29.6) | 0.054 |
| Stent retriever | 357 (82.6) | 192 (88.9) | 165 (76.4) | 0.001 |
| Aspiration | 40 (9.3) | 20 (9.3) | 20 (9.3) | 1.000 |
| IA thromblysis | 118 (27.3) | 73 (33.8) | 45 (20.8) | 0.002 |
| Angioplasty | 40 (9.3) | 18 (8.3) | 22 (10.2) | 0.507 |
| Stenting | 69 (16.0) | 38 (17.6) | 31 (14.4) | 0.358 |
| Time intervals, min, median (IQR) | ||||
| Onset-to-door time | 160 (90–255) | 170 (90.5–241.0) | 154.0 (87.8–266.0) | 0.510 |
| Door-to-puncture time | 106 (60.8–150) | 110 (60–145) | 104.5 (65.0–150.0) | 0.669 |
| Onset-to-recanalization time | 374.5 (284.5–470) | 397 (300–487) | 360 (277–460) | 0.012 |
| Primary outcome, n (%) | ||||
| 90-day mRS 0–2 | 216 (50.0) | 94 (43.5) | 122 (56.5) | 0.007 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| 90-day mRS, median (IQR) | 3 (1–4) | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | <0.001 |
| 90-day mRS 0–1, n (%) | 169 (39.1) | 72 (33.3) | 97 (44.9) | 0.014 |
| 90-day mRS 0–3, n (%) | 276 (63.9) | 125 (57.9) | 151 (69.9) | 0.009 |
| Puncture-to-recanalization time, median (IQR) | 80 (50–115) | 92 (60–140) | 70 (45–103) | <0.001 |
| Successful recanalization (mTICI 2b/3), n (%) | 390 (90.3) | 200 (92.6) | 190 (88.0) | 0.104 |
| Safety outcomes, n (%) | ||||
| Any ICH | 112 (25.9) | 56 (25.9) | 56 (25.9) | 1.000 |
| sICH | 28 (6.5) | 17 (7.9) | 11 (5.1) | 0.241 |
| 90-day mRS 6 | 65 (15.0) | 43 (19.9) | 22 (10.2) | 0.005 |
PSM, propensity score matching; IQR, interquartile range; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; ICA, internal carotid artery; M1, middle cerebral artery M1 segment; M2, middle cerebral artery M2 segment; M3, middle cerebral artery M3 segment; ACA, anterior cerebral artery; SBP, systolic blood pressure; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; CE, cardioembolism; IAT, intra-arterial thrombolysis; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; sICH, symptomatic ICH; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; GA, general anesthesia; LA, local anesthesia, CS, conscious sedation. Bold values indicates statistical significance.