Fig. 1.

Summary of the phenotypes of various Kiss1r KO mouse models on bodyweight, fat mass, lean mass, and energy expenditure. Adult Kiss1r KOs are whole body (“global) Kiss1r KO mice examined around 4–5.5 months of age (Tolson et al., 2014; Tolson et al., 2016; Tolson et al., 2019; Velasco et al., 2019), while OVX Kiss1r KO mice were had their ovaries removed in before puberty or in young adulthood and then were studied 3–4 months later around 5 months of age (and compared to similarly OVX littermate controls). Adult Kiss1r-Tg mice (~4 months old) are whole body Kiss1r KO mice with KISS1R selectively re-expressed only in GnRH neurons, which restores normal reproductive function and gonadotropin/sex steroid levels (Velasco et al., 2019). BAT Kiss1r cKO mice (4–5.5 months old) have Kiss1r selectively knocked out from BAT (Ucp-1 cells) (Tolson et al., 2020). Zp3-Cre/Kiss1r^fl/fl mice (4–5.5 months old) are whole-body Kiss1r KO mice generated by breeding mice expressing Cre under the Zp3 promoter with Kiss1r^fl/fl mice, which results in global KO of the Kiss1r gene (Tolson et al., 2019).