Table 1.
Table shows an overview of Wilcoxon sign rank tests for CGA variables with corrected p-value, median values and effect sizes of cross-correlation coefficients. Statistically significant results (p≤0.01) are bolded and marked with an asterisk (*).
| sEMG | Gait cycle phases | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-value after Bonferroni correction/effect size of cross-correlation coefficient | ||||||||
| IC | LR | MST | TS | PSW | ISW | MSW | TSW | |
| BF MIL | <0.01/0.54 | <0.01/0.52 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.57 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01/0.51 | <0.01/0.52 | <0.01 * /0.56 |
| BF LIL | <0.01/0.50 | <0.01/0.47 | <0.01/0.52 | <0.01 * /0.57 | <0.01/0.36 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01/0.52 | <0.01 * /0.57 |
| RF MIL | <0.01 * /0.59 | <0.01 * /0.57 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01 * /0.59 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01/0.51 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.60 |
| RF LIL | <0.01 * /0.59 | <0.01 * /0.60 | <0.01 * /0.60 | <0.01 * /0.62 | >0.01/0.20 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.51 |
| MG MIL | <0.01/0.46 | <0.01/0.35 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.44 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.35 | <0.01/0.48 | <0.01/0.44 |
| MG LIL | <0.01/0.39 | >0.01/0.36 | >0.01/0.35 | <0.01/0.41 | >0.01/0.38 | <0.01/0.52 | <0.01/0.52 | <0.01/0.40 |
| TA MIL | <0.01/0.46 | <0.01/0.48 | <0.01/0.35 | <0.01/0.38 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.40 | <0.01/0.28 | <0.01/0.43 |
| TA LIL | <0.01 * /0.59 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01 * /0.60 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01/0.54 | <0.01/0.54 | <0.01/0.44 | <0.01/0.52 |
| Kinematics | IC | LR | MST | TS | PSW | ISW | MSW | TSW |
| Pelvic tilt MIL | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/0.17 | >0.01/0.11 | >0.01/0.16 | >0.01/0.17 | >0.01/0.20 | >0.01/0.20 | >0.01/0.20 |
| Pelvic tilt LIL | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/0.20 | >0.01/0.17 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/0.19 |
| Pelvic obliquity MIL | 1/0 | >0.01/0.01 | >0.01/0.20 | >0.01/0.35 | <0.01/−0.44 | >0.01/−0.25 | >0.01/−0.04 | >0.01/−0.04 |
| Pelvic obliquity LIL | <0.01/0.43 | >0.01/−0.32 | >0.01/−0.19 | >0.01/0.01 | >0.01/0.06 | >0.01/0.17 | >0.01/0.35 | <0.01/0.43 |
| Pelvic rotation MIL | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/−0.08 | >0.01/−0.22 | >0.01/0.33 | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.03 |
| Pelvic rotation LIL | >0.01/0.36 | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.11 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/−0.25 |
| Hip flexion/ extension MIL | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/−0.20 | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/0.25 | >0.01/0.163 |
| Hip flexion/ extension LIL | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/0.25 | >0.01/0.33 | <0.01/0.44 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/0.36 | >0.01/0.36 | >0.01/0.28 |
| Hip abduction/ adduction MIL | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/0.24 | >0.01/0.33 | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/−0.28 | >0.01 /−0.25 | >0.01 /−0.22 | >0.01/−0.24 |
| Hip abduction/ adduction LIL | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/−0.28 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.11 | >0.01/−0.08 | >0.01/−0.03 | >0.01/−0.03 | >0.01/0.19 |
| Hip rotation MIL | <0.01 * /0.57 | <0.01 * /0.59 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01 * /0.62 | <0.01 * /0.59 | <0.01 * /0.56 |
| Hip rotation LIL | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/0.32 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.56 |
| Knee flexion/ extension MIL | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/−0.06 | >0.01/−0.19 | >0.01/−0.27 | >0.01/−0.11 | >0.01/−0.38 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/−0.24 |
| Knee flexion/ extension LIL | >0.01/0.08 | >0.01/0.08 | >0.01/0.08 | >0.01/0.17 | >0.01/0.08 | >0.01/0.03 | >0.01/−0.04 | >0.01/−0.01 |
| Knee abduction/ adduction MIL | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.40 | >0.01/0.33 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/−0.48 | <0.01/0.46 | <0.01/0.48 |
| Knee abduction/ adduction LIL | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/0.27 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/0.25 | >0.01/−0.38 | >0.01/0.33 | <0.01/0.43 |
| Ankle plantar/ dorsal flexion MIL | >0.01/0.24 | >0.01/0.20 | >0.01/0.14 | 1/0 | >0.01/−0.04 | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/0.28 | >0.01/0.03 |
| Ankle plantar/ dorsal flexion LIL | >0.01/0.11 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.19 | >0.01/−0.19 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/0.09 |
| Foot tilt MIL | >0.01/−0.21 | >0.01/−0.18 | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/0.06 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/−0.04 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/−0.25 |
| Foot tilt LIL | >0.01/0.32 | >0.01/0.35 | >0.01/0.38 | >0.01/0.30 | >0.01/0.16 | >0.01/0.16 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.22 |
| Foot progress MIL | <0.01/0.50 | <0.01/0.49 | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01 * /0.57 | <0.01 /0.49 | <0.01 /0.51 | <0.01/0.44 | <0.01/0.40 |
| Foot progress LIL | <0.01 * /0.56 | <0.01/0.54 | <0.01/0.46 | <0.01/−0.60 | <0.01/−0.62 | >0.01/−0.38 | >0.01/−0.32 | <0.01/−0.43 |
| Thorax tilt MIS * | <0.01/0.39 | <0.01/0.39 | <0.01/0.39 | <0.01/0.46 | <0.01/0.48 | <0.01/0.48 | <0.01/0.41 | <0.01/0.43 |
| Thorax tilt LIS * | <0.01/0.44 | <0.01/0.44 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.43 | <0.01/0.44 | <0.01/0.46 | <0.01/0.44 |
| Kinetics | IC | LR | MST | TS | PSW | ISW | MSW | TSW |
| Hip flexion/ extension moment MIL | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.46 | >0.01/−0.35 | >0.01/−0.12 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/−0.28 | >0.01/−0.05 |
| Hip flexion/ extension moment LIL | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.03 | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/0.48 | >0.01/0.01 |
| Hip abduction/ adduction moment MIL | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/−0.17 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.04 | 1/0 | 1/0 | >0.01/−0.08 | >0.01/−0.07 |
| Hip abduct-tion/adduction moment LIL | >0.01/0.27 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/0.11 | >0.01/−0.06 | >0.01/−0.20 | 1/0 |
| Hip power MIL | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/0.16 | >0.01/−0.08 | >0.01/0.08 | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/0.21 | >0.01/0.01 | >0.01/0.36 |
| Hip power LIL | >0.01/0.38 | >0.01/0.23 | >0.01/0.30 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/−0.11 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/0.25 |
| Knee flexion/ extension moment MIL | >0.01/−0.51 | >0.01/−0.17 | >0.01/−0.20 | >0.01/0.35 | >0.01/−0.11 | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/−0.35 |
| Knee flexion/ extension moment LIL | >0.01/−0.28 | >0.01/−0.52 | >0.01/−0.38 | >0.01/0.32 | >0.01/−0.25 | >0.01/−0.20 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/−0.08 |
| Knee valgus/ varus moment MIL | >0.01/0.06 | >0.01/−0.20 | >0.01/−0.38 | >0.01/0.06 | >0.01/−0.12 | >0.01/0.41 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/0.24 |
| Knee valgus/ varus moment LIL | >0.01/−0.36 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.03 | >0.01/−0.03 | >0.01/0.19 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.33 | >0.01/−0.22 |
| Knee power MIL | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/0.06 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.13 | >0.01/−0.21 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.25 |
| Knee power LIL | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.05 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.28 | >0.01/0.29 | >0.01/0.36 | >0.01/0.01 | >0.01/−0.14 |
| Ankle flexion/ extension moment MIL | >0.01/−0.08 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/−0.12 | >0.01/−0.20 | >0.01/0.16 | >0.01/0.27 | >0.01/−0.20 | >0.01/−0.28 |
| Ankle flexion/ extension moment LIL | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/0.27 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.25 | >0.01/0.03 | >0.01/0.11 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/−0.19 |
| Ankle power MIL | >0.01/−0.06 | >0.01/−0.41 | >0.01/−0.12 | >0.01/−0.17 | >0.01/−0.03 | >0.01/−0.13 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.09 |
| Ankle power LIL | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/−0.08 | >0.01/−0.47 | >0.01/0.15 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/0.04 |
| GRF X MIL | >0.01/−0.09 | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/0.28 | |||
| GRF X LIL | 1/0 | >0.01/−0.32 | >0.01/−0.28 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/−0.25 | |||
| GRF Y MIL | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/−0.16 | >0.01/0.24 | >0.01/0.22 | >0.01/0.17 | |||
| GRF Y LIL | >0.01/−0.03 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/0.06 | >0.01/−0.14 | >0.01/−0.03 | |||
| GRF Z MIL | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/0.11 | |||
| GRF Z LIL | >0.01/0.05 | >0.01/0.23 | >0.01/0.17 | >0.01/−0.01 | >0.01/−0.49 | |||
| COM MIL | >0.01/0.05 | >0.01/0.01 | >0.01/0.24 | >0.01/0.09 | >0.01/0.03 | |||
| COM LIL | >0.01/0.16 | >0.01/0.14 | >0.01/0.08 | >0.01/0.06 | 1/0 | |||
| COP X MIL | >0.01/0.12 | >0.01/−0.03 | 1/0 | >0.01/−0.24 | >0.01/−0.03 | |||
| COP X LIL | >0.01/0.03 | >0.01/0.03 | >0.01/0.04 | >0.01/0.01 | >0.01/−0.02 | |||
| COP Y MIL | >0.01/−0.32 | >0.01/−0.38 | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/−0.22 | >0.01/−0.24 | |||
| COP Y LIL | >0.01/0.18 | >0.01/−0.11 | >0.01/−0.30 | >0.01/−0.22 | >0.01/−0.25 | |||
sEMG (surface electromyography); BF (biceps femoris); RF (rectus femoris); TA (tibialis anterior); MG (medial gastrocnemius); MIL (More impaired limb); LIL (Less impaired limb); IC (Initial contact); LR (Loading response); MST (Midstance); TS (Terminal stance); PSW (Preswing); ISW (Initial swing); MSW (Midswing); TSW (Terminal swing).