Table 5.
Psychosocial characteristics by health worker type
| Characteristics | Facility-based health workers | P value* | Community-based health workers | P value* | Total | P value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professional (n = 13) Mean (SD) | Lay (n = 13) Mean (SD) | Professional (n = 23) Mean (SD) | Lay (n = 108) Mean (SD) | Professional (n = 36) Mean (SD) | Lay (n = 121) Mean (SD) | ||||
| Effort-reward imbalance (ERI) scores | |||||||||
| Effort | 8.38 (1.94) | 9.33 (1.61) | 0.198 | 8.35 (1.81) | 8.17 (1.91) | 0.699 | 8.36 (1.83) | 8.29 (1.91) | 0.854 |
| Reward | 18.62 (2.28) | 17.23 (3.11) | 0.280 | 18.48 (3.60) | 17.41 (2.84) | 0.124 | 18.53 (3.44) | 17.40 (2.86) | 0.048 |
| Esteem | 6.62 (1.33) | 5.92 (1.38) | 0.205 | 6.26 (1.57) | 5.93 (1.36) | 0.310 | 6.39 (1.48) | 5.93 (1.36) | 0.085 |
| Promotion | 7.50 (1.31) | 7.36 (1.91) | 0.843 | 8.00 (1.45) | 7.70 (1.61) | 0.436 | 7.52 (1.58) | 7.67(1.63) | 0.632 |
| Security | 5.27 (1.19) | 4.38 (1.50) | 0.128 | 4.68 (1.59) | 4.63 (1.42) | 0.875 | 4.87 (1.47) | 4.60 (1.43) | 0.329 |
| Overcommitment | 14.38 (1.89) | 14.08 (2.56) | 0.731 | 14.87 (2.05) | 13.94 (2.28) | 0.072 | 14.69 (1.98) | 13.95 (2.30) | 0.081 |
| Professional quality of life (PROQOL) scores | |||||||||
| Compassion satisfaction | 44.91 (3.18) | 39.07(2.45) | 0.050 | 42.56 (7.56) | 41.34 (6.55) | 0.488 | 43.45 (6.29) | 41.03(6.90) | 0.094 |
| Burnout | 21.67 (5.89) | 22.09 (5.61) | 0.871 | 20.05 (4.47) | 23.26 (4.41) | 0.005 | 20.57 (4.92) | 23.12 (4.55) | 0.011 |
| Compassion fatigue | 21.42 (5.16) | 23.36 (4.67) | 0.355 | 22.95 (4.89) | 26.51(6.42) | 0.021 | 22.38 (4.97) | 26.17 (6.31) | 0.002 |
| Characteristics | Facility-based health workers | P value* | Community-based health workers | P value* | Total | P value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Effort-reward (ER) ratio based on ERI scores | |||||||||
| Low effort–reward imbalancea | 6 (46.2) | 1 (7.7) | 0.027** | 8 (34.8) | 35 (32.4) | 0.826** | 14 (38.9) | 36 (29.8) | 0.302** |
| High effort–reward imbalanceb | 7 (53.8) | 12 (92.3) | 15 (65.2) | 73 (67.6) | 22 (61.1) | 85 (70.2) | |||
Values in bold indicate statistically significant results
*T-test for continuous variables
**Chi-squared test for categorical variables
aLow effort–reward imbalance—ratio of effort versus reward < 1
bHigh effort–reward imbalance—ratio of effort versus reward score > 1