Fig. 8. Alternative DNA structures form in the vicinity of DNA transactions. The junction point of a cruciform structure presents a four-way junction (FWJ, e.g. Holliday junction) and that of a slipped loop presents a three-way junction (TWJ). Stabilisation of these structures with chemicals (ligands) can impede DNA transactions and induce DDR. Adapted from ref. 35, created with BioRender.
