Figure 4.

a, Cell viability of detached cv Dade border cells in response to increasing hours of exposure to increasing levels of total Al (0, 50, and ≥100 μm) in 0.5 mm CaCl₂ relative to that of water controls. Relative viability of cells was calculated as (percent viability at × Al level)/(Percent viability in water). b, Thickness of the mucilage layer of detached cv Dade border cells in response to increasing hours of exposure to treatment solutions containing water only or increasing levels of total Al (0, 50, and ≥100 μm) in 0.5 mm CaCl₂. For relative cell viability, significant treatment (P = 0.0001), hours of exposure (linear effect: P = 0.0001; quadratic effect: P = 0.0001), and treatment × hours of exposure (P = 0.001) effects were found. For thickness of border cell mucilage, significant treatment (P = 0.0001) and hours of exposure (linear effect: P = 0.002) effects were found. Error bars represent ses of mean.