Table 4.
Means and 95% Confidence Intervals for Each Measurement of the Elbow, Wrist, and Finger Joints, as Well as the Probabilities of the Statistical Analyses
| ROM | N0M0 |
N1M0 |
N0M1 |
N1M1 |
One-way ANOVA |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95% confidence interval) | p-Value (partial η2) | F-value | ||||
| Elbow joint | 58.3 (48.0–68.7) | 67.4 (59.2–75.6) | 75.2 (67.6–82.7) | 80.0 (73.3–86.7) | 0.002** (0.123) | 5.42 |
| ROM | N0M0 | N1M0 | N0M1 | N1M1 | Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA | |
| Mean (95% confidence interval) | p-Value | |||||
| Wrist joint | 29.9 (17.5–42.4) | 51.8 (41.6–62.1) | 32.2 (19.5–45.0) | 56.4 (45.6–67.3) | 0.000*** | |
| Thumb | ||||||
| SUM_ROM | 77.7 (55.2–100) | 94.0 (71.8–116) | 124 (112–136) | 124 (112–136) | 0.008** | |
| MCP joint | 31.8 (21.0–42.6) | 36.8 (24.7–49.0) | 45.7 (36.2–55.1) | 45.7 (36.2–55.1) | 0.146 | |
| DIP joint | 45.8 (33.4–58.2) | 57.2 (46.3–68.0) | 78.3 (73.8–82.9) | 78.3 (73.8–82.9) | 0.000*** | |
| Index finger | ||||||
| SUM_ROM | 90.2 (58.7–122) | 186 (168–204) | 205 (195–215) | 210 (201–220) | 0.000*** | |
| MCP joint | 30.8 (21.4–40.2) | 68.5 (61.5–75.5) | 70.7 (63.2–76.8) | 71.7 (65.0–78.3) | 0.000*** | |
| PIP joint | 39.0 (25.0–53.0) | 72.5 (63.7–81.3) | 89.5 (85.6–93.4) | 89.5 (85.6–93.4) | 0.000*** | |
| DIP joint | 20.3 (11.0–29.7) | 44.8 (37.5–52.2) | 45.3 (38.9–51.7) | 48.8 (44.0–53.7) | 0.000*** | |
| Middle finger | ||||||
| SUM_ROM | 92.3 (62.2–123) | 198 (181–216) | 212 (204–220) | 215 (208–223) | 0.000*** | |
| MCP joint | 26.7 (17.3–36.1) | 73.0 (67.5–78.5) | 69.8 (63.8–75.9) | 73.0 (67.5–78.5) | 0.000*** | |
| PIP joint | 42.7 (27.8–57.6) | 80.2 (70.2–90.1) | 91.2 (86.7–95.6) | 91.2 (86.7–95.6) | 0.000*** | |
| DIP joint | 23.0 (14.7–31.3) | 45.2 (38.8–51.5) | 50.7 (45.9–55.4) | 51.2 (46.3–56.0) | 0.000*** | |
| Ring finger | ||||||
| SUM_ROM | 89.3 (60.8–118) | 181 (162–201) | 200 (185–214) | 200 (186–215) | 0.000*** | |
| MCP joint | 33.7 (25.0–42.3) | 72.0 (66.5–77.5) | 71.5 (66.1–76.9) | 72.0 (66.5–77.5) | 0.000*** | |
| PIP joint | 35.8 (18.7–53.0) | 73.2 (58.4–87.9) | 86.3 (74.5–98.1) | 86.3 (74.5–98.1) | 0.001*** | |
| DIP joint | 19.8 (12.7–26.9) | 36.2 (27.4–44.9) | 41.8 (32.9–50.8) | 41.8 (32.9–50.8) | 0.001*** | |
| Little finger | ||||||
| SUM_ROM | 102 (70.1–133) | 195 (174–215) | 218 (205–231) | 219 (206–232) | 0.000*** | |
| MCP joint | 33.2 (24.3–42.0) | 68.3 (58.4–78.3) | 67.3 (57.5–77.1) | 68.3 (58.4–78.3) | 0.000*** | |
| PIP joint | 38.7 (22.3–55.1) | 74.0 (63.2–84.8) | 90.7 (86.4–95.0) | 90.7 (86.4–95.0) | 0.000*** | |
| DIP joint | 29.8 (20.9–38.8) | 52.3 (44.6–60.1) | 60.0 (55.0–65.0) | 60.0 (55.0–65.0) | 0.000*** | |
Differences with statistical significance are denoted using the notation “*.” The significant levels are indicated as ** for p ≤ 0.01 and *** for p ≤ 0.001.
ANOVA, analysis of variance; DIP, distal interphalangeal; MCP, metacarpophalangeal; PIP, proximal interphalangeal; ROM, range of motion; SUM_ROM, summation of the measured joints of one finger.