Table 2.
Comparative table of randomized controlled trial (RCT)s on the efficacy of Kampo medicines for chemotherapy-induced nausea & vomiting (CINV) and anorexia.
| First author (reference no.) | Formula | Study design | cancer site | outcome | Number of participants: Intervention group: I; Control group: C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohno et al.2 | rikkunshito | Crossover RCT (open label) | stomach | Anorexia grade was significantly improved in intervention group (1.2 vs. 2.2). | I: n = 10; C: n = 10 |
| Oteki et al. 3 | rikkunshito | RCT (open label) | lung | Food intake in intervention group was significantly higher than control group in carboplatin-containing regimen, but not in cisplatin and non-platinum regimens. | I: n = 74; C: n = 38 |
| Ohnishi et al. 4 | rikkunshito | RCT (open label) | uterine | The complete control rate was significantly higher in the rikkunshito group than in the control group (57.9% vs. 35.3%). | I: n = 19; C: n = 17 |
| Harada et al.5 | rikkunshito | RCT (open label) | lung | The complete response rates in the overall phase were similar between the control and intervention groups for the highly (67.9% vs. 62.1%) and moderately (83.3% vs. 84.4%) emetogenic chemotherapy, respectively. | I: n = 61; C: n = 58 |
| Hamai et al.6 | rikkunshito | Crossover RCT (open label) | esophagus | The median rate of food intake decrease between days 4 and 6 was significantly lower in the intervention than the control course (2% vs. 30%). | I: n = 18; C: n = 18 |
| Yoshiya et al.7 | rikkunshito | Crossover RCT (open label) | lung | Reduction rate of caloric intake was significantly lower in intervention course than in control courses (18% vs. 25%). Plasma acyl ghrelin levels significantly increased by day 5 in intervention course but not in control course. | I: n = 20; C: n = 20 |
| Okabe et al.9 | hochuekkito | RCT (open label) | stomach | There was no significant decrease in adverse events including anorexia between the intervention (S-1+hochuekito) and control (S-1 only) groups. | I: n = 56; C: n = 57 |
| Cheon et al.10 | juzentaihoto* | Double-blind RCT | various | The change in the anorexia/cachexia subscale between baseline and the end of study in the intervention group was not significantly different from that in the placebo group (−4.63 vs.−2.75). | I: n = 16; C: n = 16 |
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Korean formulation