Table 4.
Results of robustness test and endogeneity test.
| Variables | Robustness test | Endogeneity test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Insurance | −0.050*** | −0.018*** | −0.031 *** | |
| (0.007) | (0.005) | (0.048) | ||
| Institution | −0.022*** | |||
| (0.006) | ||||
| Constant | 0.590*** | 1.081*** | 1.344*** | 1.402*** |
| (0.005) | (0.020) | (0.022) | (0.030) | |
| Control variables | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 4,521 | 4,521 | 4,521 | 4,521 |
| R-squared | 0.012 | 0.425 | 0.487 | 0.191 |
| Phase I F-value | 58.75 | |||
| DWH test p-value | 0.000 | |||
p ≤ 0.01; Standard errors are in parentheses.