Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Characteristic | PLWH (n = 100) | Controls (n = 152) |
|---|---|---|
| HIV-related variables | ||
| Receiving antiretroviral therapy, n (%) | 100 (100%) | – |
| Most recent plasma viral load, copies HIV RNA/mL, median [IQR] | <50 [<50–<50] | – |
| Most recent CD4+ T-cell count in cells/mm3, median [IQR] | 710 [525–935] | – |
| Nadir CD4+ T-cell count in cells/mm3, median [IQR] | 280 [120–490] | – |
| Sociodemographic and health variables | ||
| Age in years, median [IQR] | 54 [40–61] | 47 [35–70] |
| Male sex at birth, n (%) | 88 (88%) | 50 (33%) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| White/Caucasian | 69 (69%) | 78 (51%) |
| Black | 5 (5%) | 1 (0.7%) |
| Asian | 10 (10%) | 59 (38%) |
| Latin American | 8 (8%) | 4 (2.6%) |
| Middle Eastern/Arab | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Mixed ethnicity | 4 (4%) | 8 (5.3%) |
| Not disclosed | 1 (1%) | 2 (1.3%) |
| COVID-19 convalescent (anti-N Ab+) at entry, n (%) | 8 (8%) | 15 (10%) |
| Number of chronic health conditions, median [IQR] | 0 [0–1] | 0 [0–1] |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 15 (15%) | 22 (14.5%) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 6 (6%) | 6 (3.9%) |
| Asthma, n (%) | 8 (8%) | 15 (9.9%) |
| Obesity, n (%) | 15 (15%) | 14 (9.2%) |
| Chronic lung disease, n (%) | 4 (4%) | 3 (2%) |
| Chronic liver disease, n (%) | 4 (4%) | 1 (0.7%) |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 1 (1%) | 1 (0.7%) |
| Chronic heart disease, n (%) | 1 (1%) | 4 (2.6%) |
| Chronic blood disease, n (%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (1.3%) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 5 (5%) | 4 (2.6%) |
| Immunosuppression, n (%) | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| At least one of the above, n (%) | 46 (46%) | 50 (33%) |
| Vaccine-related variables | ||
| mRNA vaccine for first dose, n (%) | 83 (83%) | 148 (97%) |
| First dose type | ||
| BNT162b2, n (%) | 60 (60%) | 133 (87.5%) |
| mRNA-1273, n (%) | 23 (23%) | 15 (10%) |
| ChAdOx1, n (%) | 17 (17%) | 4 (2.6%) |
| mRNA vaccine for second dose, n (%) | 91 (91%) | 151 (99.3%) |
| Complete vaccine regimen details | ||
| mRNA–mRNA | 83 (83%) | 148 (97%) |
| ChAdOx1–mRNA (heterologous) | 8 (8%) | 3 (2%) |
| ChAdOx1–ChAdOx1 | 8 (8%) | 1 (0.7%) |
| ChAdOx1–not disclosed | 1 (1%) | – |
| Time between doses in days, median [IQR] | 58 [53–68] | 89 [65–98] |
| Specimen-related variables | ||
| Pre-vaccine specimen, n (%) | 66 (66%) | 148 (97%) |
| Specimen one month after first dose, n (%) | 98 (98%) | 149 (98%) |
| Day of collection one month after first dose, median [IQR] | 30 [29–32] | 30 [28–32] |
| Specimen one month after second dose, n (%) | 96 (96%) | 151 (99%) |
| Day of collection one month after second dose, median [IQR] | 30 [29–30] | 30 [29–32] |
| Specimen three months after second dose, n (%) | 92 (92%) | 148 (97%) |
| Day of collection three months after second dose, median [IQR] | 90 [90–92] | 90 [89–91] |