Table 2.
Risk of post-delivery hospital inpatient and observation stays, by fertility status for the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 8th years post-delivery.
| Fertile | Unassisted Subfertile | Non-ART Medically Assisted Reproduction | ART | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | Reference | aRR (95% CI)1,2 | aRR (95% CI)1,2 | aRR (95% CI)1,2 | |
| Hospitalization for any Condition | ||||||
| 1st year | 16,613 | 3.71 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.18 (1.07–1.31) | 1.15 (1.03–1.28) | 1.23 (1.15–1.30) |
| 3rd year | 37,814 | 8.44 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.23 (1.15–1.32) | 1.19 (1.11–1.28) | 1.33 (1.28–1.39) |
| 5th year | 48,522 | 10.83 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.19 (1.12–1.26) | 1.19 (1.12–1.27) | 1.31 (1.27–1.36) |
| 8th year | 56,277 | 12.56 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.18 (1.12–1.25) | 1.20 (1.13–1.27) | 1.29 (1.25–1.34) |
| Cardiovascular disease including hypertension | ||||||
| 1st year | 2,954 | 0.66 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.11 (0.88–1.35) | 1.29 (1.04–1.60) | 1.14 (1.00–1.30) |
| 3rd year | 5,358 | 1.20 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.15 (0.96–1.37) | 1.31 (1.10–1.55) | 1.32 (1.20–1.46) |
| 5th year | 7,091 | 1.58 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.12 (0.96–1.31) | 1.24 (1.07–1.45) | 1.31 (1.20–1.43) |
| 8th year | 8,950 | 2.00 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.15 (1.01–1.31) | 1.23 (1.07–1.42) | 1.31 (1.20–1.41) |
| Infection (not reproductive) | ||||||
| 1st year | 1,801 | 0.40 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.34 (0.98–1.82) | 1.17 (0.85–1.62) | 1.27 (1.06–1.53) |
| 3rd year | 2,707 | 0.60 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.33 (1.03–1.73) | 1.19 (0.90–1.57) | 1.34 (1.15–1.58) |
| 5th year | 3,300 | 0.74 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.21 (0.95–1.55) | 1.21 (0.93–1.56) | 1.41 (1.22–1.63) |
| 8th year | 3,870 | 0.86 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.17 (0.93–1.47) | 1.19 (0.93–1.52) | 1.36 (1.18–1.56) |
| Overweight/Obesity | ||||||
| 1st year | 991 | 0.22 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.65 (1.18–2.32) | 1.48 (1.00–2.19) | 1.16 (0.90–1.50) |
| 3rd year | 3,075 | 0.69 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.64 (1.36–1.98) | 1.37 (1.08–1.74) | 1.45 (1.26–1.67) |
| 5th year | 4,675 | 1.04 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.50 (1.28–1.75) | 1.37 (1.13–1.65) | 1.32 (1.18–1.49) |
| 8th year | 6,436 | 1.44 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.42 (1.23–1.63) | 1.41 (1.19–1.66) | 1.30 (1.17–1.44) |
| Anemia | ||||||
| 1st year | 1,123 | 0.25 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.25 (0.85–1.82) | 1.12 (0.74–1.69) | 1.48 (1.19–1.84) |
| 3rd year | 2,390 | 0.53 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.18 (0.90–1.53) | 0.97 (0.70–1.33) | 1.44 (1.22–1.69) |
| 5th year | 3,388 | 0.76 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.13 (0.91–1.41) | 1.06 (0.81–1.38) | 1.33 (1.16–1.54) |
| 8th year | 4,445 | 0.99 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.03 (0.85–1.26) | 0.93 (0.73–1.20) | 1.24 (1.09–1.41) |
| Reproductive tract | ||||||
| 1st year | 1,241 | 0.28 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.34 (0.93–1.93) | 1.54 (1.08–2.21) | 1.50 (1.21–1.86) |
| 3rd year | 3,451 | 0.77 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.32 (1.06–1.65) | 1.64 (1.32–2.04) | 1.79 (1.58–2.04) |
| 5th year | 4,932 | 1.10 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.33 (1.10–1.60) | 1.62 (1.35–1.96) | 1.68 (1.50–1.87) |
| 8th year | 6,287 | 1.40 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.24 (1.05–1.46) | 1.52 (1.28–1.81) | 1.62 (1.47–1.79) |
| Digestive tract | ||||||
| 1st year | 3,860 | 0.86 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.40 (1.14–1.72) | 1.33 (1.07–1.66) | 1.48 (1.31–1.68) |
| 3rd year | 8,633 | 1.93 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.42 (1.24–1.62) | 1.15 (0.98–1.35) | 1.41 (1.29–1.54) |
| 5th year | 11,527 | 2.57 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.34 (1.20–1.51) | 1.20 (1.05–1.38) | 1.39 (1.29–1.50) |
| 8th year | 14,457 | 3.23 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.31 (1.18–1.45) | 1.24 (1.10–1.40) | 1.39 (1.30–1.49) |
| Thyroid | ||||||
| 1st year | 756 | 0.17 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.50 (1.01–2.22) | 2.41 (1.73–3.34) | 1.95 (1.57–2.42) |
| 3rd year | 1,791 | 0.40 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.75 (1.36–2.24) | 2.37 (1.89–2.97) | 2.06 (1.77–2.39) |
| 5th year | 2,511 | 0.56 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.62 (1.31–2.02) | 2.18 (1.77–2.68) | 2.09 (1.84–2.38) |
| 8th year | 3,202 | 0.71 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.62 (1.34–1.96) | 1.98 (1.63–2.41) | 2.02 (1.80–2.26) |
| Respiratory including asthma | ||||||
| 1st year | 1,560 | 0.35 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.20 (0.87–1.66) | 0.81 (0.53–1.24) | 0.93 (0.74–1.16) |
| 3rd year | 4,080 | 0.91 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.41 (1.17–1.69) | 1.07 (0.84–1.36) | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) |
| 5th year | 6,022 | 1.34 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.27 (1.09–1.48) | 1.21 (1.01–1.47) | 1.18 (1.05–1.31) |
| 8th year | 8,027 | 1.79 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.23 (1.08–1.41) | 1.18 (1.00–1.40) | 1.13 (1.03–1.24) |
| Breast | ||||||
| 1st year | 772 | 0.17 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.07 (0.65–1.75)3 | 1.05 (0.62–1.78)3 | 1.13 (0.85–1.50)3 |
| 3rd year | 1,056 | 0.24 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.78 (1.27–2.49) | 1.06 (0.67–1.68) | 1.43 (1.13–1.81) |
| 5th year | 1,306 | 0.29 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.57 (1.15–2.15) | 1.18 (0.79–1.75) | 1.36 (1.10–1.68) |
| 8th year | 1,573 | 0.35 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.41 (1.05–1.89) | 1.41 (1.01–1.97) | 1.39 (1.14–1.69) |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| 1st year | 399 | 0.09 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.36 (0.78–2.38) | 1.32 (0.78–2.24) | 0.90 (0.62–1.32) |
| 3rd year | 1,139 | 0.25 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.55 (1.07–2.24) | 1.70 (1.22–2.35) | 1.27 (1.01–1.59) |
| 5th year | 1,603 | 0.36 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.54 (1.12–2.11) | 1.60 (1.20–2.14) | 1.25 (1.03–1.52) |
| 8th year | 2,024 | 0.45 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.35 (1.00–1.82) | 1.70 (1.32–2.19) | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) |
| Cancer4 | ||||||
| 1st year | 350 | 0.08 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.69 (1.30–2.19)3 | 1.30 (0.96–1.77)3 | 1.66 (1.42–1.93)3 |
| 3rd year | 865 | 0.19 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.20 (0.82–1.76) | 1.17 (0.73–1.87) | 1.54 (1.22–1.94) |
| 5th year | 1,321 | 0.29 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.12 (0.82–1.54) | 1.39 (0.97–1.98) | 1.42 (1.17–1.72) |
| 8th year | 1,810 | 0.40 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.18 (0.90–1.53) | 1.38 (1.01–1.89) | 1.40 (1.18–1.65) |
| Psychiatric conditions | ||||||
| 1st year | 1,834 | 0.41 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.95 (0.68–1.32) | 1.08 (0.77–1.51) | 1.11 (0.91–1.35) |
| 3rd year | 4,776 | 1.07 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.23 (1.03–1.48) | 1.18 (0.96–1.46) | 1.19 (1.05–1.35) |
| 5th year | 7,170 | 1.60 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.29 (1.11–1.49) | 1.19 (0.99–1.41) | 1.24 (1.12–1.37) |
| 8th year | 9,622 | 2.15 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.28 (1.13–1.45) | 1.16 (0.99–1.36) | 1.26 (1.15–1.37) |
| Substance use disorder | ||||||
| 1st year | 672 | 0.15 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.62 (0.28–1.38) | 0.40 (0.13–1.24) | 0.64 (0.37–1.10) |
| 3rd year | 2,085 | 0.47 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.88 (0.61–1.28) | 0.69 (0.43–1.12) | 0.78 (0.59–1.03) |
| 5th year | 3,233 | 0.72 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.11 (0.85–1.44) | 0.72 (0.49–1.06) | 0.92 (0.75–1.14) |
| 8th year | 4,479 | 1.00 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.05 (0.84–1.32) | 0.70 (0.50–0.98) | 1.01 (0.86–1.20) |
| Other (Chronic Disease) | ||||||
| 1st year | 5,114 | 1.14 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.19 (0.99–1.43) | 1.21 (0.99–1.47) | 1.34 (1.20–1.50) |
| 3rd year | 12,687 | 2.83 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.29 (1.15–1.45) | 1.21 (1.06–1.38) | 1.40 (1.30–1.51) |
| 5th year | 17,409 | 3.88 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.26 (1.14–1.39) | 1.26 (1.12–1.41) | 1.36 (1.28–1.45) |
| 8th year | 21,704 | 4.84 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.22 (1.12–1.33) | 1.24 (1.12–1.37) | 1.36 (1.28–1.43) |
1.
GEE with Poisson distribution, exchangeable correlation structure, logarithm person-month as offset term
2.
Adjusted for maternal age (continuous 18–57), parity (1,2,3–16,missing), year of delivery (4–7, 8–10, 11–13, 14–17), plurality (Singleton,multiples), chronic hypertension (yes/no), chronic diabetes (yes/no). aRR=adjusted relative risk, CI=confidence interval
3.
Multivariable models did not converge, crude estimates presented
4.
Determined from inpatient ICD codes and not from the Massachusetts cancer registry