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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 27.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2021 Sep 1;122(8):7909–7951. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00696

Figure 24.

Figure 24.

Mass spectrum of native-like anthrax toxin Lethal Factor N-terminal domain electrosprayed from Tris/sodium chloride buffer, (top red trace), corresponding Fourier spectrum (right red trace), and Gabor spectrogram (heat map), illustrating separation of negatively-chirped protein signal (labeled according to charge state in inset) and sodium chloride clusters (horizontal bands). Note that cluster ion and protein ions signals are strongly overlapped in both m/z and frequency but are easy to identify in the Gabor spectrogram. Reprinted with permission from ref. 298. © 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.