Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of Medicare Enrollees With or Without ADRD, 2019 vs 2020.
| Characteristic | With ADRD, % | P value 2019 vs 2020 | Without ADRD, % | P value 2019 vs 2020 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | |||
| All enrollees, No. | 2 412 124 | 2 308 234 | 24 540 628 | 24 379 902 | ||
| Nursing home residents, No.a | 1 074 880 | 934 454 | 871 865 | 647 346 | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 82.6 (8.4) | 82.3 (8.5) | <.001 | 74.1 (8.8) | 74.0 (9.0) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 63.5 | 62.6 | <.001 | 55.1 | 55.0 | <.001 |
| Male | 36.5 | 37.4 | <.001 | 44.9 | 45.0 | <.001 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| Asian | 2.7 | 2.9 | <.001 | 2.8 | 2.9 | <.001 |
| Black | 9.2 | 9.1 | <.001 | 6.7 | 6.5 | <.001 |
| Hispanic | 5.7 | 5.8 | <.001 | 4.9 | 4.9 | <.001 |
| White | 80.7 | 80.3 | <.001 | 82.2 | 82.2 | <.001 |
| Otherb | 1.7 | 1.9 | <.001 | 3.3 | 3.5 | <.001 |
| Medicaid recipient | 25.8 | 25.0 | <.001 | 9.6 | 8.9 | <.001 |
| End-stage kidney disease | 1.6 | 1.70 | <.001 | 0.7 | 0.7 | <.001 |
| Nursing home resident | 44.6 | 40.5 | <.001 | 3.6 | 3.9 | <.001 |
| Chronic conditionc | ||||||
| Lung disease | 30.2 | 35.3 | <.001 | 18.2 | 21.4 | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 33.9 | 37.6 | <.001 | 22.9 | 24.6 | <.001 |
| Heart failure | 50.8 | 57.0 | <.001 | 25.3 | 28.7 | <.001 |
Abbreviation: ADRD, Alzheimer disease and related dementias.
a
Baseline characteristic comparison for patients with or without ADRD living in nursing homes is provided in eAppendix 4 in the Supplement.
b
Other race or ethnicity includes all races or ethnicities other than those given.
c
Algorithms for determining chronic conditions were based on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse algorithm for that calendar year.