Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Information
| Early Psychosis | 22q11.2DS (Psychosis/No Psychosis) |
Healthy Controls | F/t/χ 2 | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (125) | 32 | 38 (10/28) |
55 | — | — | |
| Age | 20.03 ± 3.03 | 23.66 ± 8.66 (23.4 ± 9.43/23.75 ± 8.55) |
22.91 ± 3.59 | 2.74 | .046 | |
| Sex (% female) | 25% | 55% (50%/57%) |
36% | 7.17 | .067 | |
| PANSS Total score |
43.16 ± 13.66 | 46.50 ± 14.92 | — | — | −0.66 | .512 |
| PANSS Positive symptoms |
8.03 ± 1.26 | 9.70 ± 3.56 | — | — | −2.28 | .028 |
| Fulfills attenuated-positive symptom syndrome according to SOPS (Number of subjects) |
— | — | 3 | 0 | (Fisher’s exact test) | .036 |
| HAM-D | 2.54 ± 3.56 | 2.70 ± 3.94 | 1.25 ± 2.29 | 2.816 | .06 | |
| YMRS | 1.16 ± 2.07 | 0.62 ± 1.62 | 0.13 ± 0.48 | 5.28 | .006 | |
| IQ | 94.19 ± 7.04 | 65.50 ± 14.03 | 69.75 ± 12.50 | 107.25 ± 13.82 | 76.46 | .000 |
| Mean FD | 0.43 ± 0.32 | 0.54 ± 0.28 (0.52 ± 0.28/0.55 ± 0.29) |
0.35 ± 0.16 | 6.99 | .001 | |
| Antipsychotic medication (CPZ equivalent) | 448.12 ± 263.50 | 56.91 ± 138.424 (208.75 ± 208.33/a) |
0 | 2.62 (t-stat early psychosis vs 22q11.2DS psychosis) |
.012 |
Note: CPZ, chlorpromazine; FD, framewise displacement; HAM-D, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SOPS, Scale of Prodromal Symptoms; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.
aOne subject in the 22q11DS group was prescribed antipsychotic medication (75 mg CPZ equivalent) for other reasons (management of impulsivity), not because of past or current psychosis.