TABLE 2.

Active brain areas that encode the change of pain intensity across all CBP patients

Anatomical structure	Cluster size	t‐Value		Coordinates
		pos	neg	x	y	z
Frontal operculum cortex, anterior insular cortex	1738	7.74		−38	27	8
Precuneus cortex, posterior cingulate cortex	1,511		−6.86	4	−56	25
Paracingulate gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex	878		−6.43	0	44	−3
Frontal operculum cortex, anterior insular cortex*	484	15.8		−33	23	5
Frontal orbital cortex, frontal operculum cortex, anterior insular cortex	259	5.74		35	28	2
Lateral occipital cortex	236		−5.78	49	−59	29
Occipital pole	232		−5.93	15	−94	14
Occipital pole	176		−5.84	−5	−90	18
Parahippocampal gyrus	173		−5.45	−24	−40	−10
Brain stem	163		−5.57	4	−26	−41
Frontal orbital cortex*	154	14.6		35	28	−1
Lateral occipital cortex	144		−6.32	−45	−72	6
Parahippocampal gyrus	134	5.35		−30	−42	3
Anterior cingulate cortex	132	5.22		0	21	26
Subcallosal cortex	103		−6.16	0	8	−4
Hippocampus	96		−5.01	29	−23	−17
Occipital pole	92		−5.03	−20	−98	0
Left caudate	90	4.96		−7	4	7
Frontal pole	85		−5.69	23	40	44
Posterior cingulate cortex	83	4.64		−1	−26	22
Cerebellum (left IX)	82		−6.01	−8	−51	−47
Middle frontal gyrus	75	4.95		−36	34	35
Subcallosal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex	63	6.28		1	27	1
Occipital fusiform gyrus	61	4.96		28	−79	−20
Frontal pole	61	4.96		38	61	−7
Posterior cingulate cortex	43	4.87		−11	−39	16
Precentral gyrus (M1)	41	12.4		−55	6	4
Lingual gyrus	36		−5.02	−11	−70	−6
Precuneus cortex	33	4.84		−10	−72	48
Lingual gyrus, occipital pole	31		−4.63	−8	−90	−6
Occipital pole	28		−5.21	−28	−93	11
Middle temporal gyrus	26		−4.62	−60	−21	−7
Brain stem	26	4.45		−8	−20	−41
Cerebellum (left IX)	24	4.73		−10	−50	−38
Angular gyrus, superior parietal lobule	24	4.57		−38	−52	42
Paracingulate gyrus	21	3.55		17	36	−5
Supramarginal gyrus	18	4		−54	−42	31
Superior frontal gyrus	17		−4.17	24	23	61
Occipital pole	16	4.06		17	−94	−7
Precuneus cortex	16		−3.79	−18	−51	6
Temporal fusiform gyrus	14	3.95		−37	−35	−9
Anterior cingulate cortex	13	3.91		−13	34	−5
Cerebellum (right VIIb)	13	3.74		25	−73	−49
Brain stem	13	3.58		−15	−23	−13
Thalamus	13	3.46		18	−6	7
Temporal pole, middle temporal gyrus	13		−3.45	−48	2	−31
Brain stem	12	4.43		−11	−9	−35
Parietal operculum cortex	12		−3.67	−50	−25	15
Angular gyrus	11	3.81		−32	−58	23
Hippocampus	11	3.42		36	−33	−5

Abbreviation: CBP, chronic back pain.