Table V.

Adjusted prevalence and estimated number of adolescents aged 12-19 years with HBP, NHANES 1988-2012

	Pre-HBP, % (95% CI)					HBP, % (95% CI)
BMI status	1988-1994	1999-2002	2003-2006	2007-2012	P value for trend*	1988-1994	1999-2002	2003-2006	2007-2012	P-value for trend*
Normal weight
Model 1†	11.4 (9.6-13.6)	10.6 (9.2-12.3)	11.4 (9.1-14.2)	11.1 (9.3-13.1)	.939	0.9 (0.5-1.5)	2.3 (1.7-3.1)	2.3 (1.4-4.0)	1.4 (0.9-2.1)	.066
Model 2‡	11.1 (9.4-13.1)	10.8 (9.2-12.7)	11.5 (9.3-14.1)	11.0 (9.2-13.1)	.921	0.9 (0.5-1.5)	2.3 (1.7-3.1)	2.3 (1.4-4.0)	1.4 (0.9-2.1)	.042
Model 3§	11.0 (9.3-12.9)	10.9 (9.3-12.8)	11.7 (9.4-14.4)	10.9 (9.1-12.9)	.958	0.9 (0.5-1.5)	2.3 (1.7-3.1)	2.4 (1.4-4.0)	1.4 (0.9-2.2)	.049
Overweight/obese
Model 1†	15.5 (11.1-22.3)	21.7 (18.9-24.8)	22.1 (18.6-26.0)	21.4 (18.2-25.0)	.896	6.4 (3.6-11.0)	6.6 (5.0-8.7)	4.7 (3.0-7.4)	3.4 (2.3-4.9)	.067
Model 2‡	16.7 (12.1-22.6)	21.5 (18.8-24.5)	21.6 (18.4-25.1)	21.2 (18.1-24.7)	.338	6.4 (3.7-10.9)	6.6 (5.0-8.6)	4.7 (3.0-7.4)	3.4 (2.3-4.9)	.008
Model 3§	17.5 (12.8-23.3)	21.8 (19.0-24.8)	21.1 (18.1-24.5)	20.9 (17.9-24.4)	.646	7.2 (4.5-11.3)	6.6 (5.0-8.5)	4.7 (3.0-7.3)	3.2 (2.2-4.6)	.018
Estimated number of adolescents, 100 000	35.3 (32.3-40.3)	45.1 (42.3-48.6)	50.1 (45.9-55.2)	49.1 (45.3-53.3)	<.001	6.48 (5.33-9.11)	11.7 (10.4-13.6)	10.5 (8.76-13.7)	6.85 (5.96-8.60)	<.001

^*P value for trends across the surveys using logistic regression models after controlling for the FDR at 5.0% for multiple comparisons. For prevalence of pre-HBP among overweight/obese adolescents for model 1, and prevalence of HBP among normal weight adolescents, P values for trends during 1999-2012 were used because of the nonlinear changes in the prevalence across the surveys; all tests were 2-tailed.

^†Model 1 unadjusted prevalence.

^‡Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity.

^§Model 3, in addition to the variables in Model 2, adjusted for smoking status, physical activity, HEI-2010, PIR, waist-to-height ratio and BMI as continuous variables.