Table 3.
Primary and secondary outcomes after 14 days of treatment with GR + BA or placebo
| Outcomes | Placebo group (n = 25) | GR + BA group (n = 25) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcomes | |||
| Death, N (%) | 5 (20%) | 0 (0%) | 0.00348 |
| The time to recovery, (defined by discharge alive from the hospital) median (IQR) days | 12.5 (12–20) | 7 (6–8) | 0.00001 |
| Secondary outcomes | |||
| Clinical status as measured on scale score* at 14 days, median (IQR) | 3 (3–5.5) | 2 (2–3) | 0.000417 |
| Numbers of participants who require mechanical ventilation (N, %) | 5 (20%) | 0 (0%) | 0.017783 |
| Laboratory findings | |||
| Proth. Concentration median (IQR) | 95.5 (91–99.5) | 89.85 (86–97.5) | 0.201768 |
| PLT (× 106/mL) median (IQR) | 265 (164–331) | 266.5 (242–358.5) | 0.241245 |
| Leucocyte (× 106/mL) median (IQR) | 6.3 (5.6–7.47) | 5.69 (4.765–7.275) | 0.21498 |
| Lymphocytes % median (IQR) | 25 (16.6–31.2) | 31.9 (26–37) | 0.015938 |
| D-Dimer mg/L) median (IQR) | 0.57 (0.5–0.8) | 0.515 (0.48–0.58) | 0.331159 |
| CRP (mg/L) median (IQR) | 11 (7.9–32.5) | 4.8 (3.1–5.4) | 0.0000418 |
| S.Ferritin (ng/L) median (IQR) | 118.95 (81.65–158.9) | 88.2 (39.9–159.6) | 0.055134 |
| Troponin 1 median (IQR) | 0.063 (0.056–0.08) | 0.0517 (0.043–0.057) | 0.413467 |
| Creatinine (mg/L) median (IQR | 1.2 (1.03–1.3) | 0.895 (0.73–1.19) | 0.083939 |
| Urea (mg/L) median (IQR) | 51.5 (46–63) | 41 (31.5–53) | 0.078559 |
| AST U/L median (IQR) | 25 (19–31) | 17.5 (13.3–26) | 0.07666 |
| ALT U/L median (IQR) | 36 (31–40) | 25 (21–32.5) | 0.059381 |
| S.Albumin g/dl median (IQR | 3.85 (3.8–3.9) | 3.7 (3.4–3.9) | 0.373 |
| BP (mmHg) | 130 (125–140)/85 (80–90) | 130 (125–140)/85 (80–90) | 0.439805 |
Bold value for all tests p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant
GR glycyrrhizin, BA Boswellic acids, IQR interquartile range
*The 7-point scale was as follows: score1, discharged alive; score 2, hospitalized with no supplemental oxygen; score 3, hospitalized with supplemental oxygen by mask or nasal prog (not high-flow or non-invasive ventilation); score 4, hospitalized with nasal high-flow supplemental oxygen, non-invasive ventilation, or both; score 5, hospitalized with intubation and mechanical ventilation; score 6, ventilation and additional organ support-pressors, RRT and score 7, death