Table 2.
Hepaticogastrostomy versus choledochoduodenostomy demographics and clinical outcomes (n=182)
| Characteristics | HG (n=95) | CCD (n=87) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 69.9 (12.7) | 69.7 (12.8) | 0.320102 |
| Gender-male, n(%) | 52 (55) | 41 (50) | |
| Diagnosis, n(%) | |||
| Benign | 6 (6) Choledocholithiasis (1) |
11 (13) Choledocholithiasis (10) |
0.142818 |
| Malignant | 89 (94) Ampullary adenocarcinoma (1) Gallbladder cancer (5) Cholangiocarcinoma (19) Pancreatic cancer (42) Colorectal cancer (6) Others (16) |
76 (87) Ampullary adenocarcinoma (4) Gallbladder cancer (1) Cholangiocarcinoma (4) Pancreatic cancer (57) Colorectal cancer (6) Others (4) |
|
| Indication, n(%) | |||
| Obstructive jaundice | 75 (79) | 77 (89) | 0.018186 |
| Cholangitis | 25 (21) | 10 (11) | |
| Instrument for dissection | |||
| Balloon dilator | 25 | 26 | |
| Needle knife | 20 | 20 | |
| Cystotome | 55 | 21 | |
| Cautery tipped | - | 9 | |
| Stent type | |||
| Plastic (7 or 10 French diameter) | 8 | 15 | 0.086553 |
| Metal (8-or 10-mm diameter) | 82 | 70 | |
| LAMS | 0 | 25 | |
| FCSEMS | 61 | 45 | |
| Partially covered or uncovered | 21 | 0 | |
| Technical success, n(%) | 87/95 (92) | 80/87 (92) | |
| Clinical success, n(%) | 25/87 (71) | 8/80 (90) | 0.010 |
| Adverse events, n(%) | 20 (21) | 26 (30) | 0.170817 |
| Biloma | 1 | - | |
| Cholangitis | 2 | 1 | |
| Bleeding | 6 | 3 | |
| Peritonitis | 1 | - | |
| Perforation | 2 | 2 | |
| Migration | 1 | 1 | |
| Infection | 2 | 3 | |
| Other | 5 | 10 | |
| Successful management of obstruction, n(%) | 75/87 (86) | 80/80 (100) | |
| Total follow up duration (months) | 6 | 5.6 | 0.422554 |
| Total endoscopic sessions (range) | 1.9 (1-13) | 1.22 (1-3) | 0.0043 |
LAMS: Lumen-apposing metal stent; FCEMS: Fully-covered self-expanding metal stent; SD: Standard deviation; CCD: Choledochoduodenostomy; HG: Hepaticogastrostomy