Table 3.

Characteristics of similar studies

Reference	Intervention	Number of procedure	Male	Average age	Number of technical success	Number of clinical success	Adverse events	Stent patency (days)
Artifon et al.	CCD	24	NR	Median 68.5 (34-91)	22	17	Bile leakage (1), perforation (1), bleeding (1)	NR
	HG	25		63.5 (45-91)	24	22	Bacteremia (2), biloma (2), bleeding (1)	NR
Khashab et al.	CCD	60	32	Mean 62.3	56	48	Peritonitis (1), bile leakage (1), cholangitis (1), bleeding (1), pancreatitis (2), perforation (1), pneumoperitoneum (1)	NR
	HG	61	38	63.6	56	46	Peritonitis (3), bile leakage (2), cholangitis (2), bleeding (1), intraperitoneal stent (2), sheared wire (1)	NR
Ogura et al.	CCD	13	8	Mean 71	13	13	Cholangitis (6)	Median 43
	HG	26	13	70	26	24	Stent occlusion (2)	133
Guo et al.	CCD	14	NR	NR	14	14	Biliary leakage (1)	NR
	HG	7	NR	NR	7	7	Sepsis (1)	NR
Cho et al.	CCD	33	13	Median 64 (29-86)	33	33	Pneumoperitoneum (1), bleeding (1), cholangitis (3)	Mean 329.1
	HG	21	16	66.3 (44-82)	21	18	Pneumoperitoneum (2), abdominal pain (1), bleeding (1)	166.3
Kawakubo et al.	CCD	44	21	Median 72 (66-76)	42	41	Bile leakage (3), misplaced stent (1), bleeding (1), pneumoperitoneum (1), perforation (1)	Mean 103
	HG	20	14	72 (64-81)	19	19	Bile leakage (2), misplaced stent (2), bleeding (1), cholangitis (1), biloma (1)	62

NR: Not reported; CCD: Choledochoduodenostomy; HG: Hepaticogastrostomy